Chapter 2: Kinematics

vector quantity

vector quantity

It is a(n) ________ that specifies both the magnitude and direction of a change in velocity.

maximum height

The trajectory of a horizontally launched projectile is a parabolic path, with the ________ achieved at the halfway point of its flight.

v

The acceleration of an object moving in a circular path is related to its velocity and the radius of the circle through the equation a= v^2 /r, where a is acceleration, ________ is velocity, and r is the radius of the circle.

tangent line

The slope of the ________ at any point on the graph gives the instantaneous jerk at that point, and the area under the curve gives the change in acceleration over a given time interval.

initial velocity

The time of flight of a projectile launched at an angle can be determined using the equation t= (2v₀sinθ)/g, where t is the time of flight, v₀ is the ________, θ is the launch angle, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

Acceleration

________ is defined as the rate of change of velocity.

Average acceleration

________ is defined as the change in velocity divided by the time interval over which the change occurs.

Average velocity

________ is defined as the change in displacement divided by the time interval over which the change occurs.

Average motion

________ is defined as the total displacement of an object divided by the time it takes for that displacement to occur.

instantaneous velocity

The slope of the tangent line at any point on the graph gives the ________ at that point, and the area under the curve gives the displacement over a given time interval.

instantaneous acceleration

The slope of the tangent line at any point on the graph gives the ________ at that point, and the area under the curve gives the change in velocity over a given time interval.

vertical motion

The time of flight of a horizontally launched projectile is determined solely by its ________ and is given by the equation t= 2v₀ /g, where t is the time of flight, v₀ is the initial vertical velocity, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

uniform circular motion

The tangential velocity of an object in ________ is given by the equation: v= 2πr /T, where v is the tangential velocity, r is the radius of the circle, and T is the period of the motion.

Centripetal force

________ is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path.

net force

Acceleration is related to the ________ acting on an object through Newton's second law, which states that the ________ on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration (F_net= ma)

Position time graphs

________ are used to analyze motion in one dimension.

vector quantity

It is a(n) ________ that specifies both the speed and direction of an object's motion.

Instantaneous acceleration

________ is defined as the limit of the average acceleration as the time interval approaches zero.

Acceleration

________ is the rate at which an object's velocity changes over time, and is measured in meters per second squared (m /s^2)

vector quantity

It is a(n) ________ that specifies the average rate of change in velocity over a certain period of time.

Instantaneous velocity

________ is defined as the limit of the average velocity as the time interval approaches zero.

Acceleration

________ is a key concept in kinematics, which is the branch of physics that studies the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion.

The relationship between acceleration, velocity, and time is described by the equation a = (v_f

v_i) / t, where a is acceleration, v_f is the final velocity, v_i is the initial velocity, and t is the time interval

It is related to the frequency of the motion by the equation

T = 1/f, where T is the period and f is the frequency

The centripetal acceleration of an object in uniform circular motion is given by the equation

a = v^2/r, where a is the centripetal acceleration, v is the velocity of the object, and r is the radius of the circle

The tangential velocity of an object in uniform circular motion is given by the equation

v = 2πr/T, where v is the tangential velocity, r is the radius of the circle, and T is the period of the motion

A lightning bug flies at a velocity of 0.25 m/s due east toward another lighting bug seen off in the distance. A light easterly breeze blows on the bug at a velocity of 0.25 m/s. What is the resultant velocity of the lighting bug?

0.50 m/s

A car travels down a road at a certain velocity, vcar. The driver slows down so that the car is traveling only \n half as fast as before. Which of the following is the correct expression for the resulting velocity?

1/2 Vcar

Multiplying or dividing vectors by scalars results in

vectors

A student walks from the door of the house to the end of the driveway and realizes that he missed the bus. The student runs back to the house, traveling three times as fast. Which of the following is the correct expression for the return velocity if the initial velocity is vstudent?

-3v student