APUSH IMPERIALISM

Economic reason for US Imperialism

The United States wanted new markets for surplus industrial goods and access to raw materials due to rapid industrialization

Strategic reason for US Imperialism

The US wanted naval bases and coaling stations to protect trade routes and project military power influenced by Alfred Thayer Mahan

Ideological reason for US Imperialism

Americans believed in Social Darwinism and Manifest Destiny and felt it was their duty to spread democracy Christianity and civilization

Spanish American War outcome

The war turned the United States into a global power and led to overseas expansion and increased involvement in world affairs

William McKinley foreign policy

Supported imperialism led the nation into the Spanish American War and oversaw the annexation of Hawaii and the Philippines

Theodore Roosevelt foreign policy

Used Big Stick diplomacy expanding US influence through military strength and active intervention

William Howard Taft foreign policy

Used Dollar Diplomacy by encouraging American investment abroad to increase US influence

Woodrow Wilson foreign policy

Promoted Moral Diplomacy which aimed to spread democracy and oppose imperialism but often involved military intervention

Big Stick Policy

Theodore Roosevelt’s approach to foreign policy that emphasized diplomacy backed by the threat of military force

Big Stick example Panama Canal

Roosevelt supported a rebellion in Panama to gain land for the Panama Canal

Dollar Diplomacy

Taft’s policy of using American economic investment and business interests to influence foreign nations

Dollar Diplomacy example Nicaragua

The US encouraged American banks to invest in Nicaragua to stabilize the government and protect US interests

Moral Diplomacy

Wilson’s policy of supporting democratic governments and opposing imperialism and economic exploitation

Moral Diplomacy example Mexico

Wilson intervened in Mexico to oppose dictators and promote democratic leadership

Was Wilson’s foreign policy moral

Wilson claimed to promote democracy but repeatedly used military force which contradicted his stated ideals

Mexico events

US involvement included the occupation of Veracruz and pursuit of Pancho Villa after attacks on Americans

Panama Colombia events

The US supported Panama’s independence from Colombia to build the Panama Canal

Cuba events

The US intervened after the Spanish American War and used the Platt Amendment to control Cuban affairs

Western Hemisphere events

The US asserted dominance through the Monroe Doctrine and Roosevelt Corollary

Japan events

The US expanded trade and diplomacy including opening Japan earlier and negotiating peace after the Russo Japanese War

Philippines events

The US fought Filipino rebels after annexing the islands following the Spanish American War

Spanish American War

A conflict between the US and Spain caused by Cuban rebellion yellow journalism and the sinking of the USS Maine

China events

The US promoted the Open Door Policy to ensure equal trade access

Africa events

The US had limited involvement but supported European imperialism through trade and missionary activity

World War I long term causes

Militarism alliances imperialism and nationalism created tensions in Europe

World War I immediate cause

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand sparked the war

American involvement tensions

US trade with Allies submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram increased tensions with Germany

US neutrality

The US initially stayed neutral to avoid European conflicts and protect trade

Shift from neutrality to war

German unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram pushed the US to declare war

Home Front WWI

The US government mobilized the economy and public support for the war effort

Committee on Public Information CPI

Government agency that used propaganda to promote support for World War I

War Industries Board WIB

Coordinated industrial production and prioritized military needs during the war

Food Administration

Led by Herbert Hoover encouraged conservation and increased food production

Fuel Administration

Managed fuel supplies promoted conservation and regulated coal and oil use