2025 Area F Latin Derivatives

These flashcards cover antonyms, synonyms, meanings of Latin roots, and other vocabulary related to Latin derivatives.

What is the antonym of 'abbreviate'?

Elongate; this means to make something longer in relation to its width or to extend the duration of a specific process or period.

What is the antonym of 'fortuitous'?

Unlucky; while fortuitous refers to things happening by a lucky chance, its antonym describes events characterized by misfortune or unfortunate timing.

What is the antonym of 'caliginous'?

Clear; this describes a state of being bright, transparent, or easily visible, directly opposing the dim, dark, or misty nature of caliginous conditions.

What is the antonym of 'cerebral'?

Ignorant; whereas cerebral implies high intellectual capacity or brain-oriented focus, the antonym suggests a lack of knowledge, awareness, or mental depth.

What is the antonym of 'ambiguity'?

Clarity; the state of being certain, coherent, and easy to understand, leaving no room for multiple interpretations or confusion.

What is the antonym of 'optimal'?

Worst; this represents the least favorable condition, the poorest quality, or the most disadvantageous outcome possible.

What is the antonym of 'overt'?

Hidden; referring to things that are concealed, secret, or not done openly, as opposed to actions that are performed in plain view.

What is the antonym of 'prosperous'?

Destitute; this describes a person or state of being completely lacking in money, food, and other basic necessities for survival.

What is the antonym of 'vilify'?

Lionize; to treat someone as a person of great importance or a celebrity, rather than speaking about them in a disparaging or abusive manner.

What is the antonym of 'volatile'?

Calm; describing a state of emotional or physical stability and peace, lacking the tendency to change suddenly or explosively.

What is a synonym for 'vigintivirate'?

A group of 20; historically, this refers to a Roman commission or board of magistrates consisting of 20 members.

What is a synonym for 'clairvoyant'?

Prophetic; having or exhibiting the supernatural ability to perceive events in the future or beyond normal sensory range.

What is a synonym for 'advocate'?

Helper or supporter; a person who publicly recommends, supports, or pleads the cause of another individual or a specific policy.

What is a synonym for 'contemplative'?

Thoughtful; characterized by deep, serious, and prolonged reflection or consideration of a subject.

What is a synonym for 'tenable'?

Defensible; refers to an argument, theory, or position that is capable of being maintained or defended against opposition or criticism.

What is a synonym for 'subtext'?

Connotation; the implicit or underlying meaning and message in a text or conversation that is not explicitly stated.

What is a synonym for 'intractable'?

Obdurate; describing a person or situation that is stubbornly resistant to guidance, control, or change.

What is a synonym for 'obsequious'?

Servile; being obedient or attentive to an excessive or fawning degree, often in an attempt to gain favor from a superior.

What is a synonym for 'intrepid'?

Fearless; showing great courage and adventure in the face of danger, characterized by bold resolution.

What is a synonym for 'truncate'?

Shorten; the act of making something briefer by cutting off a part, particularly the top or the end.

What is the Latin root of 'tremor'?

Tremere; this root means to shake, shiver, or quiver, usually due to physical vibration, cold, or fear.

What is the Latin root of 'astonishing'?

Tonare; meaning to thunder. The term implies being 'struck by thunder,' which signifies overwhelming surprise or amazement.

What is the Latin root of 'determine'?

Terminus; meaning an end, limit, or boundary. To determine is to set the final boundaries or limits of a decision or matter.

What is the Latin root of 'abrogate'?

Rogare; meaning to ask or propose. Combined with the prefix 'ab-', it literally means to 'ask away' or repeal a law.

What is the Latin root of 'opponent'?

Ponere; meaning to put or place. An opponent is someone 'placed against' (ob-) another in a conflict or competition.

What is the Latin root of 'mandible'?

Mandere; meaning to chew. This root refers to the lower jawbone used specifically for the act of mastication.

What is the Latin root of 'subliminal'?

Limen; meaning threshold. Subliminal refers to stimuli that exist 'below the threshold' of conscious perception.

What is the Latin root of 'relentless'?

Lentus; meaning slow, pliant, or lingering. Being relentless means one is 'not slow' to stop or refuses to yield.

What is the Latin root of 'rejuvenate'?

Juvenis; meaning young. To rejuvenate is to restore someone or something to a youthful state or appearance.

What is the Latin root of 'obfuscate'?

Fuscus; meaning dark or dusky. To obfuscate is to intentionally darken or cloud the meaning of something to make it unclear.

Which word does NOT share a Latin root with 'foliage', 'folic', and 'portfolio'?

'Fall'; this word is of Germanic origin, whereas the other three are derived from the Latin folium, meaning leaf.

Which word does NOT share a Latin root with 'human', 'humus', and 'exhume'?

'Humble'; although derived from humilis (of the ground), it is often categorized separately from terms strictly describing the physical soil or anatomy in linguistic exercises.

Which word does NOT share a Latin root with 'allumette', 'illumination', and 'elucidate'?

'Lunar'; this word stems from luna (moon), while the others share roots meaning light (lux or luc).

Which word does NOT share a Latin root with 'submerge', 'immerse', and 'emergency'?

'Diverge'; this word comes from vergere (to bend or turn), while the others come from mergere (to dip or plunge).

Which word does NOT share a Latin root with 'mural', 'immure', and 'intramural'?

'Murmur'; this is an onomatopoeic word for a soft sound, whereas the others come from murus, meaning wall.

What is the meaning of 'eminent' in the phrase 'the eminent philosopher'?

Renowned; describing a person who is famous, respected, and holds a prominent position within their particular field.

What is the meaning of 'mitigate' in the phrase 'to mitigate the damage'?

Diminish; to take actions that make the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of a situation less intense.

What is the meaning of 'remunerated' in the sentence 'the employee was remunerated'?

Paid; to have been compensated or given money in exchange for work, services, or expenses incurred.

What is the meaning of 'natatorium' in the sentence 'the team met at the natatorium'?

Pool; specifically referring to a building, room, or complex that houses an indoor swimming pool.

What is the meaning of 'obscure' in the phrase 'the teacher’s reference to the obscure film'?

Unknown; referring to something that is not well-known, difficult to understand, or hidden from general knowledge.

What is the Latin root of 'adopt'?

Opto; from the Latin optare, which means to choose, select, or desire.

What is the Latin root of 'pacifism'?

Pax; the Latin word for peace, forming the basis for ideologies or movements that oppose war.

What is the Latin root of 'incompatible'?

Commodus; meaning suitable, convenient, or proper. Being incompatible means things are 'not suitable' to exist together.

What is the Latin root of 'salacious'?

Salio; meaning to leap or jump. Its usage evolved from a physical 'leaping' to describing lustful or suggestive behavior.

What is the Latin root of 'terrify'?

Terreo; a verb meaning to frighten, scare, or fill another with dread or terror.

What is the Latin root of 'inertia'?

Iners; meaning idle or unskilled. It is formed from in- (without) and ars (art or skill).

What is the Latin root of 'vying'?

Invitare; meaning to invite or challenge. It evolved through Old French into the modern concept of competing or contending.

What is the Latin root of 'inseparable'?

Separare; meaning to pull apart or divide, from the components se- (apart) and parare (to prepare or set).

What is the Latin root of 'vindication'?

Vindex; referring to a claimant, protector, or one who delivers and avenges a cause.

What is the Latin root of 'latitudinal'?

Latus; meaning broad, wide, or describing the side of an object or geographic coordinate.