GCSE DT: Core Content (1): Metals

Ferrous metals general properties

Contain iron (ferrite)

Most have magnetic properties

Most are vulnerable to rust (moisture needed)

Ferrous metals examples

Mild steel, stainless steel, cast iron

Non-ferrous metals

Aluminium, copper, brass

Alloy definition

Mixture of 2 or more metals or elements, which has improved properties and characteristics

(Steel alloys must have carbon, iron and one or more other elements)

Mild steel properties

Tough, ductile, malleable, magnetic, high tensile strength, easily joined, poor corrosion resistance

Mild steel uses

Screws, nails, bolts, girders, car body panels

Stainless steel properties

Can be altered by varying composition:

Corrosion resistant (due to added chromium), hard, tough, sometimes magnetic, resists wear, difficult to cut

Stainless steel uses

Sinks, kitchenware, cutlery, medical equipment

Cast iron properties

Hard skin, brittle, soft core, good in compression, self-lubricating, magnetic

Cast iron uses

Machine parts, vices, brake discs, manhole covers

Aluminium properties

Greyish White: Corrosion Resistant, Malleable, Ductile, Easily machined, Good conductor of heat/electricity, Excellent strength-to-weight ratio, Polishes well

Aluminium uses

Aircraft, foil, window frames, engine parts, drinks cans

Copper properties

Reddy-brown: corrosion resistant, malleable, ductile, tough, easily machined, good heat/electrical conductor, good hot or cold working, polishes well

Copper uses

Electrical wiring, gas and water pipes, printed circuits, roofing

Brass properties

Yellow: corrosion resistant, easily machined, good heat/electrical conductor, casts well, harder than copper, polishes well

Brass uses

Plumbing fittings, door fittings, locks, musical instruments