innate immunity

how does the skin react ?

shedding and dryness

how do mucous membranes react

viscous glycoproteins

lacrimal apparatus

what are some chemical mediators

enzymes

peptides

cytokines

what innate immune cells have PRR

dendritic cells

NK cells

Macrophages

neutrophils

phagocytic granulocytes

neutrophils

granulocytes that release histamines

basophils

granulocytes that are toxic against parasites

eosinophils

granulocytes that are vasoactive mediators

mast cells

agranulocytes that mature into phagocytes in tissues

monocytes

no antigen specific receptors or memory

innate lymphocyte cells

ILC that activate macrophages

ilc 1

ilc that vasodilate and release mucus

ilc 2

ilc that are immune homeostasis

ilc3

granular cells that destroy malignant stressed cells

natural killer

what do natural killer cells release

perforin and granzymes

phagocytic mechanisms

Chemotaxis

Adherence

Ingestion

Digestion

phagocyte sticks to blood vessels

margination

phagocyte squeezes thru blood vessels to infection site

diapedesis

supporting CT that is repaired

stroma

functioning part of the tissue that’s repaired

parenchyma

how are fevers induced

cytokines induce hypothalamus to release prostaglandins

stage where vasodilation and sweating occurs

crisis

who is apart of the complement system

inflammation

phagocytosis

lysis

forms membrane attack complex (MAC)

cytolysis

attachment of phagocyte to microbe

opsonization

activated complement proteins bind to mast cells, releasing histamines

inflammation

migration of leukocytes

chemokines

interfere with viral infections

interferons

stimulate inflammation

TNF

form new red and white blood cells

hematopoietic cytokines

which two interferons inhibit viral replication

alpha and beta

which interferon activates neutrophils and macrophages to kill bacteria

gamma

which enzyme lyses bond between nam and nag in peptido

lysozymes

which enzyme produces superoxide radicals to damage the membrane

lactoperoxidase

which proteins use siderophores to compete with other bacteria from binding

iron binding proteins

some functions of antimicrobial peptides

action on biofilms

disrupt membrane

inhibit intracellular function