Cellular Membranes

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cellular membranes, including their structure, function, and the processes involved in transport.

The model describes the structure of biological membranes.

Fluid mosaic model.

The layer consists of phospholipids with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

Lipid bilayer.

Important functions of cellular membranes include selective uptake and export of ions and molecules, cell signaling, and of cells to each other.

Adhesion.

Integral membrane proteins are often covalently attached to fatty acids, while membrane proteins are not.

Peripheral.

Cell fusion experiments help demonstrate the orientation and of proteins in membranes.

Anchoring.

Cadherin proteins are involved in specific types of cell adhesion called _ adhesion.

Homotypic.

The four types of anchoring junctions include adherens junctions, desmosomes, focal adhesions, and _.

Hemidesmosomes.

The primary active transport system in cells includes transporters like the Na+/K+ pump, which requires to function.

Energy.

Passive diffusion is the movement of molecules their concentration gradient without the need for energy.

Down.

In facilitated diffusion, molecules that are impermeable to the membrane pass through via proteins.

Channel.

Endocytosis includes several processes such as phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and __-mediated endocytosis.

Receptor.

The ECM plays vital roles in structural support and cell _.

Adhesion.

Plant cell junctions include structures called plasmodesmata, which allow the passage of materials between adjacent cells through the layer.

Middle lamella.

Glycolipids are found on the side of the plasma membrane and contribute to cell recognition.

External.

The process by which macromolecules are expelled from the cell is known as .

Exocytosis.

Bio-membranes exhibit selective permeability, allowing certain solutes to pass while restricting others, which is influenced by the of the membrane.

Composition.

A model of membrane transport refers to the passage of water and solutes through junctions between adjacent cells.

Gap.

Cholesterol is found only in membranes and contributes to membrane fluidity.

Animal.