Roman History

Battle of 509BC

Silva Arsia. Romans led by Lucius Iunius Brutus and Publius Valerius Publicola vs Latins led by Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and Aruns Tarquinius.

Battle of Silva Arsia

509BC. Romans led by Lucius Iunius Brutus and Publius Valerius Publicola vs Latins led by Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and Aruns Tarquinius.

Lucius Iunius Brutus

Roman general of the Battle of Silva Arsia in 509BC. Established the position of Rex Sacrorum and signed a peace treaty with Carthage. Killed when he and Aruns charged and speared each other. Replaced by Publius Valerius Publicola as Consul.

Publius Valerius Publicola

Roman general of the Battle of Silva Arsia in 509BC. Given cognomen Publicola meaning "friend of the people" for his work in overthrowing Tarquinius Superbus. Moved his house from the top of the Velian hill to the bottom when rumors talked of him becoming kinglike.

Battle of 496BC

Lake Regillus. Romans led by Aulus Postumius Albinus vs Latin League led by Tarquinius Superbus.

Battle of Lake Regillus

496BC. Romans led by Aulus Postumius Albinus vs Latin League led by Octavius Mamilius. Roman victory of First Latin War.

Aulus Postumius Albinus

Roman general of the Battle of Lake Regillus in 496BC.

Octavius Mamilius

Latin general of the Battle of Lake Regillus in 496BC. Son-in-law of Tarquinius Superbus.

Battle of 458BC

Mt. Algidus. Romans led by Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus vs Aequi.

Battle of Mt. Algidus

458BC. Romans led by Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus vs Aequi. Roman victory of Wars vs Aequi.

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus

Roman general of the Battle of Mt. Algidus in 458BC. "Left his plow" to become dictator. "Returned to his plow" after 16 days in office. His son was Caeso Quinctius.

Law of 451BC

Laws of the Ten Tables. Passed by the Decemviri, led by Appius Claudius Crassus.

Laws of the Twelve Tables

451BC. Passed by the Decemviri, led by Appius Claudius Crassus.

Law of 449BC

Lex Valeria Horatia. Passed in response to the Decemviri, guaranteed protections for the lower classes.

Lex Valeria Horatia

449BC. Passed in response to the Decemviri, guaranteed protections for the lower classes.

First Samnite War

343-341BC. Caused by a Samnite invasion of Capua

Battles of 343BC

Mt. Gaurus. Romans led by Marcus Valerius Corvus vs Samnites.

Battles of 343BC

Suessula. Romans led by Marcus Valerius Corvus vs Samnites.

Battle of Mt. Gaurus

343BC. Romans led by Marcus Valerius Corvus vs Samnites. Roman victory of First Samnite War (343-341BC).

Battle of Suessula

343BC. Romans led by Marcus Valerius Corvus vs Samnites. Roman victory of First Samnite War (343-341BC).

Marcus Valerius Corvus

Roman general of the Battles of Mt. Gaurus and Suessula in 343BC.

Battle of 390BC

Allia River. Romans led by Quintus Sulpicius Longus vs Sennones led by Brennus.

Allia River

390BC. Romans led by Quintus Sulpicius Longus vs Sennones led by Brennus. Roman defeat and Ater Diem.

Quintus Sulpicius Longus

Roman general of the Battle of Allia River in 390BC. His defeat led to an Ater Diem and sacking of Rome.

Brennus

Gallic general of the Battle of Allia River in 390BC. Leader of the Senones who sacked Rome and proclaimed "Vae Victis!".

Great Latin War

340-338BC

Battle of 340BC

Vesuvius. Romans led by Publius Decius Mus and Titus Manlius Torquatus vs Latins.

Battle of Vesuvius

340BC. Romans led by Publius Decius Mus and Titus Manlius Torquatus vs Latins. Roman victory in Great Latin War (340-338BC).

Publius Decius Mus

Three men: Roman general of the Battle of Vesuvius in 340BC alongside Titus Manlius Torquatus, his son, a Roman general of the Battle of Sentinum in 295BC alongside Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus, and his grandson, a Roman general of the Battle of Asculum in 279BC alongside Publius Sulpicius Saverrio. Famous for their acts of "devotio".

Titus Manlius Torquatus

Roman general of the Battle of Vesuvius in 340BC alongside Publius Decius Mus. Known for his capture of a Gallic "torc" (rope necklace) and for his execution of his son.

Second Samnite War

326-304 BC. Caused by the Samnite capture of Naples

Battle of 321BC

Caudine Forks. Romans led by Spurius Postumius Albinus and Titus Verturius Calvinus vs Samnites led by Gavius (or Gaius) Pontius.

Battle of Caudine Forks

321BC. Romans led by Spurius Postumius Albinus and Titus Verturius Calvinus vs Samnites led by Gavius (Gaius) Pontius. Roman defeat and humiliation.

Spurius Postumius Albinus

Roman general of the Battle of Caudine Forks in 321BC alongside Titus Verturius Calvinus. Offered to turn himself in to Gavius Pontius after his humiliating defeat.

Titus Verturius Calvinus

Roman general of the Battle of Caudine Forks in 321BC alongside Spurius Postumius Albinus. Offered to turn himself in to Gavius Pontius after his humiliating defeat.

Gavius Pontius

Samnite general of the Battle of Caudine Forks in 321BC. Advised by his father, Herennius Pontius, to either kill all the Romans or let them all free. Later killed by Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus.

Battle of 315BC

Lautulae. Romans led by Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus vs Samnites.

Battle of Lautulae

315BC. Romans led by Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus vs Samnites.

Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus

Roman general of the Battle of Lautulae in 315BC, the Battle of Lake Vadimo in 310BC, the Battle of Tifernum in 297BC alongside Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus, and the Battle of Sentinum in 295BC alongside Publius Decius Mus.

Battle of 310BC

Lake Vadimo. Romans led by Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus vs Samnites.

Battle of Lake Vadimo

310BC. Romans led by Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus vs Samnites.

Battle of 305BC

Bovianum. Romans led by Lucius Postumius vs Sabines led by Statius Gellius.

Battle of Bovianum

305BC. Romans led by Lucius Postumius vs Sabines led by Statius Gellius.

Lucius Postumius

Roman general of the Battle of Bovianum in 305BC.

Statius Gellius

Samnite general of the Battle of Bovianum in 305BC and the Battle of Tifernum in 297BC.

Third Samnite War

298-290BC

Battle of 297BC

Tifernum. Romans led by Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus and Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus vs Samnites led by Statius Gellius.

Battle of Tifernum

297BC. Romans led by Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus and Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus vs Samnites led by Statius Gellius.

Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus

Roman general of the Battle of Tifernum in 297BC.

Battle of 295BC

Sentinum. Romans led by Publius Decius Mus and Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus vs Samnites.

Battle of Sentinum

295BC. Romans led by Publius Decius Mus and Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus vs Samnites.

Pyrrhic War

280-275BC

Battle of 280BC

Heraclea. Romans led by Publius Valerius Laevinus vs Greeks led by Pyrrhus of Epirus.

Battle of Heraclea

280BC. Romans led by Publius Valerius Laevinus vs Greeks led by Pyrrhus of Epirus.

Publius Valerius Laevinus

Roman general of the Battle of Heraclea in 280BC.

Pyrrhus of Epirus

Epirote general of the Battle of Heraclea in 280BC, the Battle of Asculum in 279BC, and the Battle of Beneventum in 275BC.

Battle of 279BC

Asculum. Romans led by Publius Decius Mus and Publius Sulpicius Saverrio vs Greeks led by Pyrrhus of Epirus.

Battle of Asculum

279BC. Romans led by Publius Decius Mus and Publius Sulpicius Saverrio vs Greeks led by Pyrrhus of Epirus.

Publius Sulpicius Saverrio

Roman general of the Battle of Asculum in 279BC alongside Publius Decius Mus.

Battle of 275BC

Beneventum. Romans led by Manius Curius Dentatus vs Greeks led by Pyrrhus of Epirus.

Battle of Beneventum

275BC. Romans led by Manius Curius Dentatus vs Greeks led by Pyrrhus of Epirus.

Manius Curius Dentatus

Roman general of the Battle of Beneventum in 275BC.

First Punic War

264-241BC

Battle of 261BC

Agrigentum. Romans led by Lucius Postumius Megellus vs Carthaginians led by Hanno the Great and Hannibal Gisco.

Battle of Agrigentum

261BC. Romans led by Lucius Postumius Megellus vs Carthaginians led by Hanno the Great and Hannibal Gisco.

Lucius Postumius Megellus

Roman general of the Battle of Agrigentum in 261BC.

Hanno the Great

Carthaginian general of the Battle of Agrigentum in 261BC, the Battle of Cape Ecnomus in 256BC, the Battle of Aegates Islands in 241BC, and the Battle of Cissa in 218BC. Staunchly anti-war and political rival of Hannibal.

Hannibal Gisco

Carthaginian general of the Battle of Agrigentum in 261BC, the Battles of Lipari Islands and Mylae in 260BC, and the Battle of Sulci in 258BC. Executed for his failures.

Battles of 260BC

Lipari Islands. Romans led by Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina vs Carthaginians led by Boodes and Hannibal Gisco.

Battles of 260BC

Mylae. Romans led by Gaius Duilius vs Carthaginians led by Hannibal Gisco.

Battle of Lipari Islands

260BC. Romans led by Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina vs Carthaginians led by Boodes and Hannibal Gisco.

Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina

Roman general of the Battle of Lipari Islands in 260BC. Given agnomen 'asina' for his asinine commands.

Boodes

Carthaginian general of the Battle of Lipari Islands in 260BC.

Battle of Mylae

260BC. Romans led by Gaius Duilius vs Carthaginians led by Hannibal Gisco.

Gaius Duilius

Roman general of the Battle of Mylae in 260BC. Famous for his use of the Roman "corvus".

Battle of 258BC

Sulci. Romans led by Gaius Sulpicius Paterculus vs Carthaginians led by Hannibal Gisco.

Battle of Sulci

258BC. Romans led by Gaius Sulpicius Paterculus vs Carthaginians led by Hannibal Gisco.

Gaius Sulpicius Paterculus

Roman general of the Battle of Sulci in 258BC.

Battle of 256BC

Cape Ecnomus. Romans led by Marcus Atilius Regulus and Lucius Manlius Vulso vs Carthaginians led by Hamilcar Barca and Hanno the Great.

Battle of Cape Ecnomus

256BC. Romans led by Marcus Atilius Regulus and Lucius Manlius Vulso vs Carthaginians led by Hamilcar Barca and Hanno the Great.

Marcus Atilius Regulus

Roman general of the Battle of Cape Ecnomus in 256BC and the Battle of Bagradas Valley (Tunis) in 255BC. Captured by Carthaginians and sent to broker peace with Rome, instead told Rome to keep fighting, drank poison, and returned to Carthage where he was tortured to death.

Lucius Manlius Vulso

Roman general of the Battle of Cape Ecnomus in 256BC.

Battle of 255BC

Bagradas Valley (Tunis). Romans led by Marcus Atilius Regulus vs Carthaginians led by Xanthippus.

Battle of Bagradas Valley (Tunis)

255BC. Romans led by Marcus Atilius Regulus vs Carthaginians led by Xanthippus.

Xanthippus

Spartan general of the Battle of Bagradas Valley (Tunis) in 255BC.

Battle of 251BC

Panormus. Romans led by Lucius Caecilius Metellus vs Carthaginians led by Hasdrubal, son of Hanno.

Battle of Panormus

251BC. Romans led by Lucius Caecilius Metellus vs Carthaginians led by Hasdrubal, son of Hanno.

Lucius Caecilius Metellus

Roman general of the Battle of Panormus in 251BC. Supposedly went blind after a fire occured in the temple of vesta.

Hasdrubal, Son of Hanno

Carthaginian general of the Battle of Panormus in 251BC. Gave control to Xanthippus before the Battle of Bagradas Valley (Tunis) in 255BC.

Seige of Lilybaeum

250-241BC. Romans led by Gaius Atilius Regulus, Lucius Manlius Vulso, Publius Claudius Pulcher, and Gaius Lutatius Catulus vs Carthaginians led by Himilco, Hamilcar Barca, and Hannibal Gisco.

Seige of 250-241BC

Lilybaeum. Romans led by Gaius Atilius Regulus, Lucius Manlius Vulso, Publius Claudius Pulcher, and Gaius Lutatius Catulus vs Carthaginians led by Himilco, Hamilcar Barca, and Hannibal Gisco.

Battle of 249BC

Drepana. Romans led by Publius Claudius Pulcher vs Carthaginians led by Adherbal.

Battle of Drepana

249BC. Romans led by Publius Cladius Pulcher vs Carthaginians led by Adherbal.

Publius Claudius Pulcher

Roman general of the Battle of Drepana in 249. Said "Bibant, quoniam edere nollent!" when he disregarded bad omens and tossed the sacred chickens into the sea.

Adherbal

Carthaginian general of the Battle of Drepana in 249BC.

Battle of 241BC

Aegates Islands. Romans led by Gaius Lutatius Catulus and Quintus Valerius Falto vs Carthaginians led by Hanno the Great.

Battle of Aegates Islands

241BC. Romans led by Gaius Lutatius Catulus and Quintus Valerius Falto vs Carthaginians led by Hanno the Great.

Gaius Lutatius Catulus

Roman general of the Battle of Aegates Islands in 241BC. Was injured beforehand, so wasn't actually present for the engagement.

Quintus Valerius Falto

Roman general of the Battle of Aegates Islands in 241BC. Was praetor at the time, but still led due to Aulus Postumius Albinus having been forbidden from fighting by the Pontifex Maximus, Lucius Caecilius Metellus.

First Illyrian War

229-228BC. Caused by Queen Teuta's killing of Lucius and Gaius Coruncanius and piracy in Roman waters.