history unit 3

french and indian war, 7 years war, revolutionary war, decleration of independance, american exceptionalism/idealism, battles, id's, articles of confederation, the constitution + articles 1-7, maps, slavery, louisiana purchase

french and indian war

(1754-1763)

began bc of territorial conflict between Br. and FR over control of the Ohio River Valley—a vital area for fur trade and westward expansion.

the war itself was fought between France and Britain (and their NA allies) over control of North American land and its recourses.

• The Br. AM colonists had more reason to fight for their land, as North AM was their home, FR troops were unmotivated

• Br. AM troops utilize NA tactics of guerrilla warfare/ambush attacks

ultimately, Br. wins, and the “Treaty of Paris” granted Br. territorial gain of AM, and forced FR troops east of the Mi. River.

“join or die“

A political cartoon/phrase made by Benjamin Franklin: urged American colonies to rally to fight together, lest they wanted to lose to FR, thereby losing their homes.

“we are strong when united”

Proclamation of 1763

Br. decree that stated AM colonies could not settle west of the Appalachia mntns, which would act as an NA reserve.

• push back by wealthy landowners

• fueled by Pontiac’s rebellion: separate already angry colonists and NA’s from allying against Br.

Boston tea party

a political protest where () AM colonists dressed as NA’s, boarded Br. ships and dumped over 300 chests of tea into the sea.

• protesting the “taxation without representation” of Br. upon them

coercive (intolerance) acts

series of punishing acts by Br. on to colonies (particularly Mass. for the Boston Tea Party)

• closed Boston’s harbor until Tea was payed for: crippled Boston’s economy

• restricted governance: revoked elected colonial officials and replaced them with Br. ones

• required Bostonians to “quarter” Br. officials

as a consequence: the other 12 colonies felt outraged for Mass., colonies began Boycotting Br. goods, and held the first Continental Congress to mobilize and coordinate against Br.

George Washington

Virginian statesmen

“Who is the American, this new man?”

colonists:

british:

Timeline of pre-revolution conflict

"The distinctions between Virginians, and New Englanders are no more. I am not a Virginian, but an American."

Patrick Henry, 1774.

Key revolutionary moments

benjamin lay

quaker reformist who became an abolitionist.

lord Dunmore’s Proclamation

offered freedom to enslaved people who would abandon their masters and join Br.’s fight against the rebelling colonies.

• did not guarantee freedom after the revolution however, so many slaves died or were returned to their master after

“The volley fired by a young Virginian in the backwoods of America set the world on fire”

references how GW’s

Lexington and Concord

Second Continental Congress

governing body of the colonies during the revolutionary war. each colony got 3 reps, and these individuals were in charge of war effort.

• established Continental Army with GW as its first general

• declared Independence in 1776, and then drafted the articles of Confederation

The Declaration of Independence

justified the colonies' separation from Britain and established the basis for American democracy.

• Natural Rights & Equality:

  All individuals are inherently equal and possess unalienable rights, given by their Creator, including the rights to Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.

• Consent of the Governed:

  Governments derive their just powers from the consent of the people they govern, establishing popular sovereignty.

• Purpose of Government:

  The main role of government is to secure these natural rights; it's instituted to protect the people's safety and happiness.

• Right to Revolution:

  If a government becomes destructive of these ends (life, liberty, happiness), the people have the right to alter or abolish it and create a new one that better serves them.