Nutrition Final

Which of the following would you expect in a client with hyperglycemia

abnormally high blood sugar level

during pregnancy and lactation females should increase their water intake up to

3 liters/day

Signs of dehydration include

poor skin turgor

which of the following is a sign of potassium defincency

cardiac dyrhythmias

Mr. Baxter is a patient in the Cardiac Unit who has had a heart attack. He complains that his food is "tasteless." You explain to Mr. Baxter that the cardiac diet is

\

a. low in unsaturated fats.

b. usually bland.

c. low in sodium.

d. clear liquids without spices.

low in sodium

Mr.Spencer has severe diverticulitis. His physician will probably put him on what type of diet

low residue

which of the following is contraindicated for long-term use

clear liquid

before initiating a tube-feeding it is most important for you to

check tube placement

anoerxia is defined by

lack or loss of appetite for food; refusal to eat

a mother of a 2 year old states, " i know she needs to eat more but she just refuese!" you would suggest to the mother to

not worry as long as the child has reasonable intake from each major food group

a patient of middle eastern descent refuses to eat during the day b/c of religious holiday and then ask for double the portions during the evening. The patient is newly diagnosed with diabetes. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse

we need to find a way for you to observe your religion and manage your diabetes also

Mr.Zachary is visually impaired client. Which of the following is an approproate action

describe the location of the foods as if they were on a clock

a normal diet in an acute or extended care facility is called

regular diet

which of the following is true regarding a clear liquid diet

all of the above

a postoperative patient has just begun a clear liquid diet. Which of the following selections would she be allowed?

beef bouillon and raspberry iced tea

a diet used primarly by patients who have trouble chewing or who have dysphagia is

mechanical soft diet

which of the following should be strictly monitored for the patient with chronic renal failure

all of the above

a means of providing liquid nourishment through a tube into the GI tract

tube feedings

when the nurse aspirates stomach secretions from a feeding tube he/she knows to

return residual to the stomach

a home health nurse is caring for a patient who is recovering from a mild MI. His wife says" he loves to drink milk and eat meat and cheese, esp when his family comes to dinner. How am i ever going to get him to change?" The most appropriate response for the nurse should be

make changes gradually, incorporate small portions of his favorite food in moderation

a clear liquid diet would most likely be presribed for which patient

patient with virus presenting diarrhea

a patient w/ a compliant of irregular heartbeat was diagnosed w/ hypokalemia and advised to increase his dietary intake of K+, he asks his nurs3e " what foods are high in K+" the nurse answer should include which of the following

apricots, orange, bananas

a patient is diagnosed w, IBD and prone to constipation. Which of the following diets does the nurse expect will be prescribed for her

low residue

a client receiving enteral feedings develops abdominal distension and diarrhea shortly after initiation of the feedings. When reviewing the nursing history for this client, which of these notations indicate the need to notify the PCP

lactose intolerance

the nurse id assigned to care for a patient receiving enteral feedings. The nurse plans care knowing that which of the following is the highest priority

risk for aspiration

the nurse has reinforced discharge teaching w/ the family of a client who is to have enteral feedings at home. The nurse uses which method of evaluation to best determine the family's competence in performing the procedure

a return of demonstration of the peocedure

the client receiving TPN is to begin to take small amts. of clear liquids today as per physicians orders. The nurses' priority is to collect data regarding which of the following before giving the client anything po

presence of swallow/ gag reflex

a nurse's aide is passing out evening snacks to a group of residents. Which of the following snacks should the nurse recommend for the resident with IDDM

cheese and crackers

which of the following clients would most likely be placed on fluid restrictions

client w/ end stage renal disease

all of the following is true regarding a soft/low residue duet except

a soft/low residue diet us generally used to treat constipation

which of the following is the best method in determining correct placement of a feeding tube

testing the pH

TPN is used to meet the total nutritional needs of a person. It is administered by

a. jejunostomy tube.

b. central IV line.

c. gastrostomy tube.

d. peripheral IV line.

central IV line

Mrs.Barrymore has been admitted to the hospital via the ED after a motor vehicle accident. She sustained a moderate amt. of trauma. After her conditon stabilizes, her diet should include which of the follwonf

high protein- high carbs

which of the following are ture regarding preparation of the client for meals

all of the above

Safe level of alcohol during pregnancy

none

what should a nurse know about the administration of medications and dietary considerations

some medications have restrictions w/ certain foods

which is true regarding feeding a client

always warn them about very hot foods

which of the following foods are allowed on a full liquid diet

all of the above

foods on a soft/low residue diet include

ground and cooked meats

the goal of a bland diet is to

limit foods that stimulate production of gastric acid

when preparing to administer a tube feeding the nurse

auculatate bowel sounds before administering feeding

it is time to administer your patient's bolus tube feeding, however , you are having difficulty installing the formula. Which of the following actions should you take

attempt to flush the tube w/ about 30ml of water

Mrs.Brown is receiving continuous tube feedings and is c/o of abdominal cramping. you suspect the problem could be

formula is too high in fat

increased fluid intake should be encouraged for any patient who is in bed a great deal or has difficulty moving to prevent

UTI

The nurse would expect to provide thickened liquids to which of the following clients

client w/ dysphagia

a patient w/ heart disease instructed in low-fat diet. The nurse evaluates that the client understands states a food to avoid is

avocado

a client is receiving TPN. The nurse monitors the client for which of the following signs of hyperglycemia, a complication of TPN

three P's

in renal faliure the kidney's are unable to excrete \_______________ waste products. These waste products build up and lead to a conditon known as azotemia

proteins

the inclusion of which of the following in the diet often helps lower blood cholesterol and triglyceride lvls

monounsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids

ascrobic acid

vitamin c

BMI is a number calculated from a persons heigh and weight and provides an inidcator of body fat. A BMI of 38 would be considered

obese

liquid diets are frequently used post-operatively primarily b/c

anesthesia causes decreased peristalsis

one kg equals\_______ pounds

2.2

for the patient who is receiving a diuretic, the nurse is aware it is very important to monitor his electrolytes eps.

potassium

the nurse explains that a patient w/ heart problem should follow a decreased sodium diet. What will this diet help reduce the risk for or prevent

heart attacks

careful attention to carbs consumption can improve metabolic control of diabetes. The nurse4 teaches a meal planning approach that focuses on the total amt. of carbs eaten at a meal.

carb counting

the nurse is counseling a patient about the difference b/w type 1 and 2 diabetes. What should the nurse stress that patients w/ type 2 diabetes are required to receive on a daily basis

regular carb-controlled meals

what is a nurse intervention to decrease the thirst of a patient who is on a fluid restriction diet

sucking on ice chips

the nurse reminds the male patient w/ lactose intolerance that he can avoid the unpleasant symptoms of nausea, bloating, flatulence, and diarrhea if he avoids all foods with

milk

the terms for a diet that is prescribed as part of the treatment of more than one disease or condition

therapeutic diet

drinking excessive amt. of water is known as

polydispia

b/w meal snacks or supplements are given to clients

only with physician order

cow's milk should not be given to a child until

18 months

common nutritional problems during childhood are

Iron deficiency, Anemia and Obesity

you are teaching a pregnant woman regarding folic acid. Which foods would be appropriate sources of folic acid

green leafy vegetables, white rice, chocolate

you are teaching a pregnant woman regarding folic acid. Why is folic acid important when a women is pregnant

prevention of neural tube defects

vit. A is found in milk, eggs, organ meats, green fruits and vegetables. Why is vit.A important during pregnancy

increased thyroxine production

optimal weight gain in pregnancy for the avg. women is

25-35 lbs

you're assessing a patient who is receiving a tube feeding. Which of the following requires charge nurse of physician notification.

continuous tube feeding was not turned off before placing the client flat

what type of diet would you expect a pt w/ pancreatitis to be on

high fat and fluid restriction

increased fluid intake is a common dietary treatment for

UTI, RENAL CALCULI, AND MALABSORPTION

The nurse explains to the patient that the drug (lasix) reduces edema by drawing water from the interstital space into the intravascular space.

osmosis

Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the body. The location of electrolytes is important for maintaining homeostasis. Sodium is the major electrolyte in which fluid compartment?

extracellular

what should the nurse be most concerned about in a pt w/ hypokalemia

cardiac complications

A pt began vomiting and continued to do so for several hours. what is the results of this loss of stomach contents

metabolic acidiosis

A child has been having an asthma attack for the last 8 hours B/c of the child's inability to exhale effectively, the nurse will assess for

respiratory acidiosis

the nurse expects an adult w/ normal kidney function to void a min of \__________ of urine in 4 hrs.

120

filtration requires

mechanical pressure

normal GFR

100ML/MIN

what should the nurse expect when assessing a patient with respiratory alkalosis

muscle weakness

hyperventilation

tingling in extremities

which of the following is descriptive of normal saline

0.9% sodium chloride

is isotonic

which of the following is most likely to occur w/ excessive diuresis

polyuria

dehydration

fluid volume depletion

when the body is in a state of hyponatremia which of the following will likely occur

select all of them

a urine specific gravity of 1.040 would indicate

pt is dehydrated

urine is concentrated