Terminology Chapter 2

crani/o

skull

cervic/o

neck

sacr/o

sacrum

trache/o

windpipe

inguin/o

groin

viscer/o

internal organs

sarc/o

flesh

chondro/o

cartilage

thorac/o

chest

hist/o

tissue

inter-

between

hypo-

below

ana-

up

-ose

full of

-eal

pertaining to

epi-

above 

-ectomy

removal

kary/o

nucleus

-tomy

incision

Cervical

C1-C7

Thoracic

T1-T12

Lumbar

L1-L5

Sacral

S1-S5

Coccygeal

Tailbone region

Transverse

horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

Sagittal

vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts

Frontal

vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior

Superficial

on the surface of the body

Supine

lying on the back

Inferior

below another structure

Nucleus

control center of the cell containing chromosomes

Anabolism

the process of building up proteins in a cell

Metabolism

the total of the chemical processes in a cell

Histologist

a scientist who studies tissues

Genes

regions of DNA within a chromosome

Pharynx

throat

Adipose Tissue

collection of fat cells 

Trachea

windpipe

Ureter

tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder

Larynx

voice box

Pleura 

membrane surrounding the lungs

Cartilage

flexible connective tissue at joints

Urethra

tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Cranial

cavity surrounded by the skull

Thoracic

cavity in the chest surrounded by ribs

Pelvic

cavity surrounded by the hip bone

Spinal

cavity surrounded by the backbones

Abdominal

cavity below the chest containing digestive organs

Cervical

region of the neck

Thoracic

region of the chest

Lumbar

region of the waist

Sacral 

region of the sacrum

Coccygeal

region of the tailbone

Lateral

pertaining to the side

Medial

pertaining to the middle

Prone

lying on the belly

Superior

above another structure

Proximal

near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure 

Deep

away from the surface of the body

Distal

far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure 

Peritoneum

double folded membrane surrounding abdominal viscera

Vertebra

a backbone

Pleura

membrane surrounding the lungs

Disc

pad of cartilage between each backbone

Mediastinum

space between the lungs containing the heart, trachea, aorta