APUSH Chapter 10 Key Terms

The Revolution of 1800

The Revolution of 1800

The peaceful transition of power from Federalists to Democratic Republicans after Thomas Jefferson Narrowly won the election of 2020.

Aaron Burr and the Election of 1801

Through is influence in New York he was able to swing the state to vote Democratic Republican. Won the same amount of electoral vote as Thomas Jefferson so the election had to be decided in the house. Received the Vice presidency.

Judiciary Act 1801

One of the final laws passed by the Adam’s administration which further reformed the court system to include 16 new federal judgeships among other judicial offices.

The midnight appointments

The new positions created by the Adam’s administration were filled with pro federalist judges. Some of these last minute appointments were made on Adam’s last day in office.

John Marshall

A cousin of Thomas Jefferson and a particularly sharp member of the supreme court. Appointed to the supreme court towards the very end of Adam’s term so he wasn’t a welcomed member of the team. A devoted Federalist who above all wanted a strong federal government. .

Marbury v. Madison 1803

The case which firmly placed the authority to determine constitutionality in the hands of the Supreme Court, Nullifying the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.

Samuel Chase

A particularly partisan and loud supreme court justice whom Republicans tried to impeach. Indicted by the house on the charge of high crimes but not deemed guilty by the Senate. Set a precedent against trying to impeach Judges.

The Barbary Pirates v. Jefferson

The barbary pirates for a long time had been harassing American shipping in the Mediterranean demanding payment for safe travels. After the Pasha of Tripoli was dissatisfied with the protection money received he informally declared war on the Americans. Jefferson sent in the Navy and after 4 years of fighting a peace treaty was negotiated.

New Orleans and the right of deposit

After the Spanish transferred their louisiana territory to France, the french revoked the right of deposit in 1802. The need to regain control of the river was incredibly apparent for the lively hoods of Farmers so James Monroe and Robert Livingston would be sent to France with a Budget of 10 million to purchase New Orleans.

Toussaint L'Ouverture

The genius military leader of the Haitian revolution who established the first Black government in the new world when he won independence for Haiti. Successfully repelled a reinvasion by the Napoleon, crushing his hopes of a new world empire.

Louisiana Purchase

Having given up hopes of a new world empire, Napoleon decided to consolidate his attention towards Europe by selling of the Louisiana territory to the Americans for only 15 million Dollars. This practically doubled the size of the nation over night and gave the U.S. control over all of the mississippi river.

Lewis and Clark expedition

The Expedition lead by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark with the intention of surveying the newly acquired land of the Louisiana purchase. Went up the MIssouri River, across the Rockies and back down the Columbia to reach the Pacific Ocean in Washington state.

British Orders in Council 1806

Stated that any merchant ships en route to a French port first had to stop in Britain or else they were not permitted to enter. France likewise ordered the seizure of ships going to Britain, meaning American ships practically couldn’t trade with either anymore.

Impressment of sailors

The practice of forcibly kidnapping men to force them to serve in the British Navy. 6000 U.S. citizens were impressed to fight for the crown.

The Chesapeake incident, 1807

A British war ship fired upon an American frigate carrying 4 deserters. After 3 close range broadsides the 4 men were turned over, 3 killed, and 18 injured. The vessel limped back to American ports.

The Embargo Act, 1807

Banned all exports from the United States to all European nations. Hurt the American economy far more than it helped it.

Non-Intercourse Act, 1809

A slightly more reasonable non-exportation act which permitted trade with all nations except Britain and England.

Macon's Bill No. 2

Reopened American Trade with all the world. Stated that if either France or Britain repealed its trade restrictions it would restore the embargo with the other.

The War Hawks and Henry Clay

The intensely pro war republicans from the South and West who longed for a war with the British and Natives. Claimed that a war would be a test to see if a republican nation could defend itself. Henry Clay was the Speaker of the House when war was formally declared against Britain.

Tecumseh (Shawnee chief)

The Indian who formed a confederation of all indian east of the Mississippi after the disruption of the balance of power following the departure of the French. Inspired a powerful revival of Indian unity and culture. Negotiated an alliance with the British who he fought for up until his death at the Battle of the Thames

William Henry Harrison and the Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811

The governor of Indiana lead an army to Tecumseh’s headquarters where he fought and defeated the Prophet and his forces. He instantly became a national hero as he wiped out the settlement and discredited the prophet.