Studied by 8 people
chemistry
the study of matter and how it changes
matter
occupied space and has mass
condensed phases
solid(fixed volume and shape), liquid (fixed volume), gas
conservation of matter
matter is neither created nor destroyed
matter is classified as
element, compound, mixture
pure substance
matter that had constant composition and properties
element
cannot be broken down chemically
compound
composed of one of more elements, can be broken down into elements
mixtures
composed of 2 or more types of matter
heterogenous
varies from point to point (clam chowder)
homogenous
completely uniform
atom
smallest particle of an element that has properties of that element, combine to make compounds
molecule
2 or more atoms of any kind combined by chemical bonds
Physical Change
not associated with change in the chemical composition of matter
Chemical Change
associated with change in composition
extensive properties
a property that depends on the amount of sample
intensive properties
do not depend on amount of sample
basic unit
meter, kilogram, second, kelvin, mole
nano, n
x10^-9
micro
x10^-6
mili, m
x10^-3
centi, c
x10^-2
deci, d
x10^-1
kilo, k
x10^3
atoms
building blocks of matter
JJ Thompson
1800s discovered the electron- plum pudding model
rutherford
1900s disgorged atomic nucleus- gold foil experiment
atomic #
z, number of protons in atom
mass #
A, total number of protons and neutrons
net charge
isotope
atom with same # of proton but different number of neutron
cation
positive ion
anion
negative ion
NH+4
cation- ammonium
OH-
anion- hydroxide
CO3 -2
anion carbonate
HCO3 -
anion bicarbonate
NO3 -
anion nitrate
SO4 -2
anion- sulfate
PO4 -3
phosphate
ionic compounds
metal and nonmetal
Note 
Flashcard (41)