Floriculture Knowledge (Lathrop)

Which of the following gauges of florists’ wire would have the thickest diameter?

A. 18

B. 20

C. 22

D. 24

Answer: A; 18

The related, orderly organization of floral design elements is imparted by which of the following?

A. Rhythm

B. Dominance

C. Color

D. Pattern

Answer: A; Rhythm

Which sugar is created during photosynthesis?

A. Glucose

B. Lactose

C. Fructose

D. Galactose

Answer: C; Fructose

Which of the following is not a plant hormone that can be used as a plant growth regulator?

A. Abscisic acid

B. Ethylene

C. Anthocyanin

D. Gibberellin

Answer: C; Anthocyanin

Which of the following would indicate the presence of thrips on a greenhouse crop?

A. white, cotton-like masses on leaves

B. malformed new growth with streaking and browning of flower petals

C. “Stippling” of leaves and presence of webbing

D. shed insect exoskeletons (skins)

Answer: B; malformed new growth with streaking and browning of flower petals

Which of the following is used to accentuate the flowers and colors used in a design?

A. Harmony

B. Unity

C. Accent

D. Repetition

Answer: D; Repetiton

“blank” heaters only warm surfaces, but not in the air

A. Forced Air

B. Hot water

C. Radiation

D. Infrared

Answer: D; Infrared

A “ “ is a type of fleshy fruit where seeds are embedded in the core of the fruit

A. Drupe

B. Pome

C. Berry

D. Pod

Answer: B; Pome

Which of the following is a device/substance used to secure moss to floral foam?

A. anchor pin

B. Sure Stick

C. greening pin

D. Wooded pic

Answer: B; Sure Stick

Which of the following is true about the cell part plastids

A. Contain green pigment but not chlorophyll

B. Develops energy during repiration

C. Contains both chloroplasts and chromoplasts

D. All of these are true about plastids

Answer: C; Contains both chlororplasts and chromoplasts

As a method of energy conservation, double-walled glazing materials and effective because they…

A. Increase the R-valve of the greenhouse covering

B. circulate warm air downward from the greenhouse attic

C. decrease the R-Value or the greenhouse covering

D. Reduce the amount of greenhouse space to be heated

Answer: A; Increase the R-value of the greenhouse covering

…are greenhouse pests with egg clusters that look like tiny cotton balls

A. Aphids

B. White flies

C. Fungus Gnats

D. Mealy bugs

Answer: D; Mealy Bugs

Which of the following in not a basic rule of floral design

A. Do not use more than four colors

B. Place dark flowers toward the tops of an arrangement

C. Do not use more than three kinds of flowers

D. Place large flowers toward the bottom and center of an arrangement

Answer: B; Place dark flowers toward the top of an arrangement

Which of the following color schemes includes the sue of three colors equidistant from each other on the color wheel?

A. Monochromatic

B. complimentary

C. Triad harmonies

D. None of the above

Answer: C; traid harmonies

Which bedding and garden sector accounts for the largest part of the retail market in the US?

A. Pots-hardy garden , inpatients, petunias, geraniums

B. Flats and packs- inpatients, vegetables, petunias, pansy/violet

C. Flowering hanging baskets- inpatients, petunias

D. House plants- jade, philodendron, Norfolk Island pine

Answer: A; Pots-hardy garden mums, impatients, petunias, geraniums

Which of the folowing is not characteristic of monocot plants?

A. Stems with vascular bundles randomly scattered throughout

B. seeds with one cotyledon

C. flower parts in multiples of 3

D. leaves with a network of veins

Answer: D; leaves with a netword of veins

Which is the smallest component by percentage of soil-based growing medium?

A. Organic Matter

B. Air

C. Water

D. Minerals

Answer: B; Air

Which of the following is ture about Oriental style flower arrangements?

A. Very elaborate curved lines and massed with very full flowers

B. Lines and negative space very important, importance of individuaal flowers

C. Masses of very fragrant and brightly colored flowers

D. All of these are chracteristic of oriental flower arrangements

Answer: B; lines and negative space very important, importance of individual flowers

When calculating the price of an arrangement, which ratio is appropriate for wedding and party flowers?

A. 10:1

B. 5:1

C. 2:1

D. 1:1

Answer: B; 5:1

A fluoride concentration in plant water as low as… can cause necrosis in leaf tips

A. 25%

B. 25 ppm

C. 2.5 ppm

D. 0.25 ppm

Answer: D; 0.25 ppm

Which of the following plant structures does not occur below the surface of the soil

A. stolon

B. Bulb

C. corm

D. rhizome

Answer: A; stolon

Which of the following is a basic principle of floral design

A. stature

B. proportion

C. color

D. hue

Answer: B; proportion

In chemical pasteurization, how many days after treatment does the soil need exposure to fresh air before it can be used?

A. 6-10 days

B. 10-21 days

C. 15-24 days

D. There is no wait time

Answer: B; 10-21 days

Florists’ foam is considered to be adequately hydrated when…

A. It changes to a darker shade of green.

B. the foam floats back to the surface of the water

C. particles of foam begin to float in the water

D. air bubbles no longer come out of the foam

Answer: D; air bubbles no longer come out of the foam

Which of the following is a function of the root system of a plant?

A. carbon fixation

B. photosynthesis

C. anchorage and support

D. both a and c are correct

Answer: C; anchorage and support

Aphids are a pest with… mouth parts

A. chewing

B. rasping-lapping

C. Piercing-sucking

D. Sucking

Answer: C; Piercing-sucking

Which of the following is ture about repiration rates in plants?

A. Decreases as temperature rises

B. Cooling plants to 32-34 slows respiration enough to keep flowers fresh for extended periods

C. Respiration stores food supply in the plant

D. All of these are true about respiration

Answer: B; Cooling plants to 32-34 slows respiration enough to keep flowers fresh for extended periods

An asymmetrical triangle flower arrangement is characterized by…

A. the triangle being wider that it is tall

B. the triangle being taller than it is wide

C. the arrangement having balance around a central axis

D. the arrangement having unequal visual weight on either side of the central axis

Answer: D; The arrangement having unequal visual weight on either side of the central axis

Which of the following represent the components of the pistil?
A. Filament and ovary

B. Stigma, ovary and filament

C. Filament and anther

D. stigma, style and ovary

Answer: C; filament and anther

… in plant cells control many cellular chemical reactions, including the production of energy needed for growth

A. Nucleus

B. Vacuole

C. Chloroplast

D. Mitochondria

Answer: D; Mitochondria

Which of the following is typical of potassium deficiency in plants?

A. chlorossis and edge necrosis of older, lower leaves

B. uniform spindly, pale green growth

C. interveinal chlorosis of younger, newer leaves

D. interveinal chlorosis of older, lower leaves

Answer: A; Chlorossis and edge necrosis of older, lower leaves

How much 21-5-20 fertilizer is needed to supply one pound of actual potassium to a greenhouse bed used for cut flower production

A. 20 pounds

B. 10 pounds

C. 5 pounds

D. 1 pound

Answer: C; 5 pounds

which of the following is an example of an organic fertilizer?

A. alfalfa meal (3-1-2)

B. potassium chloride (0-0-62)

C. ammonium nitrate (33-0-0)

D. rock phosphate (0-4-0)

Answer: A; alfalfa meal (3-1-2)

For greenhouses located north of 40 degrees latitude, a … orientation is best

A. North-South

B. Vertical

C. East-West

D. Horizontal

Answer: C; East-West

Which of the following plant growth hormones is reponsible for apical dominance in plants?

A. abscisic acid

B. ethylene

C. auxin

D. gibberellin

Answer: C; auxin

Which of the following potted foliage plants can withstand direct light

A. Bromeliad

B. Aglaonema

C. Dwarf Schefflera

D. Friendship Plant

Answer: A; Bromeliad

Which of the following is not an important consideration when irrigating plants?

A. minimize water on foliage

B. provide uniform amounts of water to all plants

C. water with warm water

D. Minimize fertilizer runoff

Answer: C; water with warm water

Which of the following is not a type of automated irrigation equipment

A. Mist systems

B. Ooze tubes

C. Capillary mat system

D. All of these are equipment that can be used in automated irrigation

Answer: D; All of these are equipment that can be used in automated irrigation

In unit greenhouse heaters fueled with LP or natural gas,…

A. heat the form of hot air is distributed to the greenhouse interior by means of a fan

B. heat in the from of hot water is distributed through vertical discharge heaters

C. heat in the form of steam is distributed through pipes throughout the greenhouse

D. vacuum combustion produces high temperature air distributed through two-inch pipes

Answer: D; vacume combustion produces high temperature air distributed through two-inch pipes

Which of the following would not be used as a filler when making a flower arrangement?

A. gerbera

B. baby’s breath

C. acacia

D. statice

Answer: A; gerbera

Which of the following houseplants requires the greatest amount of light in order to remain attractive?

A. peace lily

B. heartleaf philodendron

C. Golden pothos

D.croton

Answer: D; croton

Which of the following describes edema in geraniums?

A. twisted and yellowish new growth

B. water soaked blisters most often on the underside of leaves

C. swollen stems with the formation of lesions

D. purplish discoloration on the underside of leaves

Answer: B; water soaked blisters most oftern on the underside of leaves

Which of the following is the food stored in a seed used to nourish the embryonic plant during germination?

A. endosperm

B. hypocotyle

C. epicotyl

D. radicle

Answer: A; endosperm

Which of the following greenhouse fules is sold/priced by weight?

A. LP gas

B. natural gas

C. wood

D. stoker coal

Answer: D; stoker coal

Which of the following would not be an acceptable method of disinfecting a plastic bedding plant flat.

A. rinsing with water and then dipping in a solution of Zerotol

B. soaking in a solution of Physan

C. pasteurizing with steam at 180 degrees for 30 minutes

D. soaking with a solution of 1 part of bleach to ten parts of water.

Answer: C; pasteurizing with steam at 180 degrees for 30 minutes

Poinsettia is a short-day crop. This means that plants intiate flower buds only when…

A. nights and days are long

B. nights and days are short

C. nights are short and days are long

D. nights are long and days are short

Answer: D; nights are long and days are short

Which of the following defines an insect that can spread a disease from one plant to another?

A. spreader

B. facultative pest

C. vector

D. host

Answer: C; vector

Which of the following is not a basic shape in floral design?

A. triangualr

B. circular

C. diagonal

D. horizontal

Answer: D; horizontal

… is the use of foliage to construct a grid in an arrangement

A. lacing

B. taping

C. leafing

D. gridding

Answer: A; lacing

which of the following floriculture crops has the highest wholesale dollar value in Missouri?

A. bedding plants

B. cut flowers

C. foliage plants

D. potted flowering plants

Answer: A; bedding plants

Which of the following is not a factor normally considered when choosing a site for a greenhouse?

A. climate

B. crime rate

C. topography

D. zoning ordinances

Answer: B; crime rate

What type of control would the use of insect screening to control thrips in a greenhouse represent?

A. biological

B. chemical

C. physical

D. legislative

Answer: C; Physical

Which of the following statements is true about the phloem tissue of a plant?

A. It is involved in respiration

B. It is involved in the transport of manufactured sugars

C. It is involved in the transport of water and mineral elemetns

D. It is actively dividing to form new cells and tissues

Answer: B; It is involved in the transport of manufactured sugars

Which of the following is the greenhouse part to which rafters are attached?

A. bar cap

B. glazing brad

C. eave plate

D. none of the above

Answer: C; eave plate

Which nutrient listed below is a plant micro nutrient?

A. Nitrogen

B. manganese

C. Phosphorus

D. Both NItroged and Phosphorus

Answer: B; Maganese

Which of the following is the recommended pH range for greenhouse crops produced in a soilless growing medium?

A. 3.0-3.5

B. 4.0-4.3

C. 5.6-6.2

D. 7.0-7.6

Answer: C; 5.6-6.2

In a growing medium, capillary tension is to water retention as…

A. soil structure is to soil drainage

B. Capillary tension is to air retention

C. pore space is to air infiltration

D. all of the above

Answer: C; pore space is to air infiltration

In a Dutch style greenhouse, what is the name of the greenhouse part where the roof attaches to the sidewall?

A. ridge

B. attic

C. purlin

D. eave

Answer: D; eave

What kind of tape is used in floral designs?

A. Floral tape

B. waterproof tape

C. pan tape

D. both floral tape and waterproof tape

Answer: D; both floral tape and waterproof tape

Which of the following greenhouse covering materials would have the lowest light transmission?

A. twin-wall polycarbonate

B. fiberglass

C. glass

D. double layer polyethylene plastic

Answer: D; double layer polyethylene plastic