Chapter 26: Bowel Elimination

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology related to bowel elimination, including structures, functions, and common conditions associated with gastrointestinal health.

Small Intestine

The part of the gastrointestinal tract where most of the digestion and absorption of food occurs; includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Duodenum

The first section of the small intestine that receives enzymes to break down food.

Jejunum

The second part of the small intestine that uses muscles to further break down food.

Ileum

The last part of the small intestine that absorbs nutrients and stores food before it passes into the large intestine.

Cecum

The part of the large intestine that moves food inwards from the small intestine.

Ascending Colon

Part of the large intestine where water and electrolytes are absorbed.

Transverse Colon

Part of the large intestine that transports food to the descending colon.

Sigmoid Colon

The part of the large intestine where solid waste is formed before entering the rectum.

Fecal Material

Waste products that have reached the rectum and trigger contraction of the rectal muscles.

Red Flags in GI Assessment

Signs that indicate serious conditions, such as black or tarry stools, rectal bleeding, and sudden severe abdominal pain.

Bristol Stool Chart

A medical tool used to categorize stool types and assess bowel health.

Bowel Incontinence

The inability to control bowel movements, resulting in the involuntary passage of stool.

Fecal Impaction

A condition where dry, hard stools become lodged in the rectum, preventing normal bowel movements.

Constipation

A condition characterized by infrequent bowel movements and hard, dry stools.

Dietary Teaching for Diarrhea

Advice to consume clear liquids and foods like bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast (BRAT diet) while avoiding certain foods.

External Fecal Collection Devices

Devices used to protect perianal skin or collect fecal samples, commonly used for patients with uncontrolled diarrhea.

Bowel Training Program

A structured approach to help patients regain bowel control.