Funda Lec (M;C1)

What are the fundamental ways of knowing?

Personal Knowing

Empirical

Ethical Knowing

Aesthetic Knowing

Fundamental ways of knowing

It is to classify different sources of knowledge and beliefs in a professional practice

Barbara A. Carper

-a professor (CON) at Texas Women University (1978)

Personal Knowing

-knowledge we have of ourselves

-from seen/ experienced

-through observation, reflection, and self awareness

-it is to fully know the nature of oneself

Empirical

-it is a scienctific knowledge

-is known through physical senses

What are the physical senses?

Seeing

Hearing

Touching

Research

It is the results derived from research

Ethical Knowing

-Attitude & knowledge derives from ethical framework

-moment judgments in what is good and right

Code of ethics

It is an obligation to protect and respect

Aesthetic Knowing

-understanding what is significant to patient

Empathy

It is understanding another's feelings