HDFS 3050 Unit 2 Exam

Of the following strategies, which is most effective for a parent to encourage a toddler to pay attention while playing with toys and games?

Describe a new way to play with the toy only when the child appears to be losing interest.

An excited spanish speaking toddler comments on an upcoming trip to the beach by shouting, “Playa-beach”. What can we conclude about the child's language development?

The child is engaging in language switching.

Toddlers with language delays are likely to live in bilingual homes.

False

Failure to locate the direction of sound is a sign of hearing impairment among babies.

true

Chemical secretions that carry messages from one nerve cell to the next are called:

Neurotransmitters 

When placed on a safe surface that appears to have a dropoff, such as the “visual cliff,” 6-month-olds:

Refuse to crawl over the visual cliff even when parents encourage them

Receptive communication is…

the capacity to understand or process language

An infant who overrestricts the word “book” would be most likely to use it to refer to:

a specific book

Which of the following could be an example of a primary circular reaction?

an infant wiggling his arms and legs back and forth

When the pincer grasp emerges in infancy, parents and teachers should:

remove small objects that can be picked up and swallowed

Recent research has shown that Piaget:

may have underestimated what infants can do intellectually.

Which one of the following statements best describes the physical growth of infants in the first year of life?

Infants’ legs and trunk grow rapidly and begin to catch up with the rest of their bodies.

Which of the following best describes normative profiles in motor development?

Motor development follows a relatively fixed sequence, but timing and patterns can vary due to cultural, family, genetic, and individual factors

Children typically begin to put two words together between the ages of:

18 to 24 months

According to Vygotsky’s theory of infant and toddler development, learning at this stage is facilitated primarily by which of the following?

Social interactions

Which one of the following statements is TRUE about infants’ abilities to smell?

Infants prefer smell of their mother

Right at birth, infants are not able to see at all. True or False?

False

When implementing a cognitive approach to using the toilet, which one of the following would be the best adult response to an “accident”?

Say, “Feel your pants. What happened when you didn’t go to the toilet?”

A child who has an understanding of object permanence can understand that objects exist, even if they cannot be seen or heard.

true

Which of the following is NOT an indicator of a visual impairment in early infancy?

sensitivity to sunlight

The majority of the first words infants learn are most likely to be the words used most frequently in the home, words that are meaningful and easy to understand.

true

A caregiver names every object in the child care center for a full year, so that children will learn words. A better strategy would be for the caregiver to:

gradually move from naming objects to asking infants to name them.

An infant babbles to herself again and again. A mother, listening in, wonders about this phenomenon. What can you tell her about this behavior?

The infant is engaging in a primary circular reaction. This is an early example of a behavior that is playfully repeated because it causes an interesting result.

A child who has an understanding of object permanence can:

understand that objects exist, even if they cannot be seen or heard.

Which of the following is the best description of overgeneralization?

a toddler’s use of a word to stand for a broader category of things than it should

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of overrestriction?

using words to stand for a narrower category of things than they should

A caregiver believes that toddlers learn best through independence and challenging themselves. She allows her child to freely explore the public playground while she talks to other caregivers and does not scaffold the child’s play.

Which of the following BEST evaluates this approach to childproofing?

It is not appropriate because effective childproofing balances autonomy with safety and reduces the need for reprimands

Which of the following best describes a pincer grasp?

Using the thumb and index finger to pick up a small object

Based on evidence from neuroscience, which language learning advice would be best to give a set of new parents?

 

“Infants’ brains develop in response to language from a very early age, and it’s important to use language with your infant as early as possible.”

Infants have some receptive language early in life. Which one of the following is the most important implication of this finding?

Parents and caregivers should talk to their infants, even if they do not yet talk themselves.