Dual Credit US History Review

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Nativism

belief/policy, prioritizes interests of native born/ long established inhabitants of a country over those of immigrants

Market Revolution

major economic transformation in US during early 19th century when nation shifted from local based economies to a national market-oriented system driven by industrialization, transportation, and commerce.

Textile Production

process of transforming raw fibers (cotton, wool, synthetic materials) into finished fabrics and products such as clothing, upholstery, and industrial textiles.

American System

19th-century economic plan by Henry Clay to strengthen and unify U.S economy through protective tariffs, a national bank, and federal investment in infrastructure.

The Common Man

phrase used to describe the everyday working-class individual (usually white men)

The Spoils System

practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs and favors after a party wins an election.

Nullification Crisis

major political confrontation between the federal government and South Carolina over the issue of states’ rights and federal tariffs, testing balance of power between state sovereignty and national authority in early United States.

Tariffs

Taxes or duties imposed by government on imported/exported goods. One of the oldest tools of trade policy and serve both economic and political purposes.

Corrupt Bargain

controversial outcome of U.S presidential election of 1824, when none of the four candidates (Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, and William Crawford) secured a majority of electoral votes.

Jackson’s Pet Banks

state-chartered banks selected by President Andrew Jackson to hold federal funds after he dismantled the Second Bank of United States in 1830s.

Peculiar Institution

Euphemism used in the 19th century to refer to slavery, particularly in the South, meant to soften/obscure the harsh reality of enslaving human beings