A&P1 CH 5 assignment

Label the types of epithelium based on their number of layers. Label cell types by shape. Not all terms will be used.

(Left side- top to bottom)
simple epithelium
stratified epithelium

(Right side- top to bottom)
Squamous cell
Cuboidal cell
Columnar cell

Drag each label into the appropriate position to match the tissue characteristic to its class.

Muscular Tissue-
Provides movement of the body segments as well as movements through the body

Nervous Tissue-
Functions to provide fast forms of communications

Epithelial Tissue-
Lines surfaces and cavities while comprising cavities
Always avascular; cells receive nutrients from deeper tissue layers
Composed f squamous-, cuboidal-, or columnar- shaped cells

Connective Tissue-
Most abundant form of tissue
Contains high levels of extracellular matrix
Provides support and mechanical protection

Complete each sentence by dragging the correct label into the appropriate blank.

Exocrine glands that are devoid of branches are referred to as simple glands. (simple)

Glands that split are known as compound. (compound)

When glands have dilated, pouch-like endings, they are referred to as acinar glands. (acinar)

Methods of secretion include: merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine. (merocrine)

A holocrine gland releases fragments of lysed cells within its secretions. (holocrine)

Glands that secrete thin, aqueous fluids are known as serous glands. (serous)

Glands that secrete fluids containing mucin are called mucous glands. (mucous)

Decide the outcome of the hypothetical situation by dragging the label into the appropriate category.

Increase-
Would flexibility of the intervertebral discs increase or decrease if the fibrocartilage was elastic cartilage?

Would rate of infection increase or decrease if the epidermis were made of pseudostratified epithelium?

Would vascularity of ligaments increase or decrease if they were made of bone?

Decrease-
Would tissue damage increase or decrease I the oral cavity was lined with keratinized tissue?

Would diffusion of oxygen increase or decrease if alveolar lining were made of stratified epithelium?

Would elasticity of the ears increase or decrease if the elastic cartilage were replaced with bone?

Would protection of the brain increase or decrease if the bones were replaced with hyaline cartilage?

Click and drag each label into the appropriate category according to which type of gland it pertains.

Endocrine-
Secretes hormones
Releases products into the blood
An example is the gland that secrets cortisol

Exocrine-
Secretes enzymes
Releases products into a duct or onto a surface
Goblet cells
Sweat Glands
Contains septa, dividing the gland into lobes

Match the items given with the appropriate category.

Fluid Connective Tissue-
Blood

Supporting Connective Tissue-
Bone and cartilage

Connective Tissue Proper-
Loose and dense connective tissue

Match the type of connective tissue proper with its location in the body.

Reticular-
Stroma of spleen and liver

Elastic-
Walls of large arteries

Dense Irregular-
Dermis and periosteum

Dense Regular-
Tendons and ligaments

Adipose-
Subcutaneous layer

Click and drag each label to the appropriate category regarding the cells of connective tissue.

Fibroblast-
Produces the ground substances of areolar tissue
Found in dense regular connective tissue

Osteoblast-
Secretes hydroxyapatite
Found in the femur

Leukocyte-
Reacts to bacteria
Component of fluid connective tissue

Chondroblast-
Secrets the matrix of hyaline cartilage
Associated with the tissue that lines movable joints

Match these cells and fibers found in connective tissues to their functions.

1. Fibers that are flexible but resist stretching
(Collagen fibers)

2. Fibers that branch to form a supporting network
(Reticular fibers)

3. Fibers that can recoil to their original shape
(Elastic fibers)

Place the following terms or examples with the correct category. Terms may be used more than once.

Storage-
Bone
Adipose

Transport-
Blood

Physical Protection-
Bone
Adipose

Binding of Structures-
Dense irregular
Dense regular

Support-
Bone
Cartilage

Immune Protection-
Areolar
Blood

Match the type of muscle tissue with its description.

Cardiac Muscle Tissue- striated; involuntary

Skeletal Muscle Tissue- striated; voluntary

Smooth Muscle Tissue- no striations; involuntary

Label the components of skeletal muscle tissue. Not all labels will be used.

Left side- (top to bottom)
Striations
Skeletal muscle fiber

Right side- (top)
Nucleus

Drag each label into the appropriate position to identify whether the statement depicts something true or false about the specimen pictured below

True-
Usually uni or binucleated
Involuntarily controlled
Centrally located nuclei
Contains striations

False-
Cylindrical shape
Found in walls of hollow organs such as the stomach
Contains little to no blood

Match the characteristic given to one of the types of muscles.

1. Cells or fibers appear striated (banded)
(Both cardiac and skeletal muscle)

2. Cells are large, long, and cylindrical, with many nuclei located at the periphery
(Skeletal muscle)

3. Pumps the blood
(Cardiac muscle)

4. Moves the body
(Skeletal muscle)

5. Cells are branched and connected to one another by intercalated discs
(Cardiac muscle)

6. Is under voluntary (conscious) control
(Skeletal muscle)

7. Controls the amount of light entering the eye
(Smooth muscle)

8. Is located in the heart (Cardiac muscle)

Label the components of nervous tissue.

Left side- (top to bottom)
Dendrite
Cell body of neuron
Nucleus of glial

Right side- (bottom)
Axon

Use the terms provided to accurately complete the sentences.

The excitable cells of the nervous system are called neurons. (neurons)

The neuroglia are the most numerous cells of nervous tissue.(neuroglia)

Neuroglia protect and assist neurons.(protect)

The body of a neuron is called the neurosoma.(neurosoma)

A dendrite receives signals from other cells.(dendrite)

Drag each label into the appropriate position to identify whether the statement depicts something true or false about nervous tissue.

True-
Electrically excitable
Protected by neuroglia
Can receive and transmit electrical signals

False-
Cells are considered to be contractile
Cylindrical shape
Forms the lining of the digestive tract
Produce heat and moves body segments
Has a large amount of ground substance and fibers

Fill in the blanks with the terms provided. Not all terms will be used.

Nervous tissue consists of cells called (neurons) that receive, transmit, and process nerve impulses. It also contains a larger number of cells called (glial cells)(or supporting cells), which do not (transmit nerve impulses) but instead they (support neurons), and provide nourishment and protection. Each neuron has a prominent cell body that houses both the nucleus and other organelles. The shorter more numerous nerve cell processes are (dendrites). These (receive incoming) signals and transmit the information to the cell body. The single long process extending from the cell body is the (axon). This can (carry outgoing) signals and transmit them to other cells.

Select all that are functions of neurons and glial cells.

Receive nerve impulses
Protect neurons
Nourish neurons

Match the items given with the appropriate category.

Serous Membrane- Composed of mesothelium and underlying layer of connective tissue

Cutaneous Membrane- Keratinized squamous epithelium and an underlying layer of connective tissue

Synovial Membrane- Composed of either fibrous, adipose, or areolar tissue

Mucous Membrane- Composed of an epithelia and an underlying lamina proprietary

Organs are composed of more than one tissue type working together to perform a specific set of functions. The small intestine shown here is lined with a mucous membrane, contains neurons that control muscle contraction, and has an abundance of blood vessels. Drag each of the labels to the appropriate position in order to identify whether the small intestine is likely to include the indicated tissue type.

Present-
Nervous tissue
Blood
Simple columnar epithelium

Not Present-
Fibrocartilage
Skeletal Muscle
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Dense regular connective tissue
Pseudostratified epithelium

Place the following terms or examples with the correct membrane category.

Mucous-
Lines passageways that open to the external environment
Performs absorptive, protective, and secretory functions

Serous-
Has simple squamous epithelium called mesothelium
Has parietal and visceral layers

Synovial-
Has epithelial cells but no basement membrane
Produces a fluid that reduces friction between bones

Cutaneous-
Is the largest membrane
Has keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Place the following terms or examples with the correct category.

Serous-
Covers the heart
Covers the intestines
Lines the cavity with abdominal organs

Synovial-
Lines joint cavities

Cutaneous-
Covers the body

Mucous-
Lines the intestines

Match the type of tissue change with its description.

Metaplasia- mature epithelium changes to a different form of mature epithelium

Neoplasia- Tumor develops as a result of out-of-control growth

Hyperplasia- Increase in number of cells in a tissue

Atrophy- Shrinkage of tissue

Hypertrophy- Increase in size of existing cells

Place each of the terms in the proper category to identify whether they arise from the ectoderm, mesoderm, or endoderm.

Ectoderm-
Anterior pituitary
Outer ear
Sensory neurons

Mesoderm-
Dermis
Bones
Muscle

Endoderm-
Thyroid
Thymus
Epithelium of lungs

Read each of the given tissue descriptions, then click and drag them into the appropriate category to identify from which primary germ layer each was derived.

Endoderm-
Pancreas
thymus gland
Gallbladder

Mesoderm-
Spleen
Kidney
Ovaries
Biceps brachii

Ectoderm-
The lens of the eye

Click and drag the words on the left to accurately complete the sentences on the right.

Diabetic neuropathies can result in injuries, of which the patient is unaware. Left untreated, this can lead to dry ____________ . gangrene

A fractured bone can leave a segment without a blood supply, causing avascular ____________ , or tissue death from trauma. necrosis

A person who is bedridden for long periods of time could suffer from disuse ____________ in the muscles. atrophy

1. gangrene
2. necrosis
3. atrophy

Select all that occur as a result of tissue aging.

Epithelium become thinner
Nervous tissue atrophy
Bones become brittle