Multiple Bonds (3)

What is a single covalent bond?

A single covalent bond contains one shared pair of electrons.

What is a double covalent bond?

A double covalent bond contains two shared pairs of electrons.

What is a triple covalent bond?

A triple covalent bond contains three shared pairs of electrons.

How many electrons are shared in a single bond?

2 electrons are shared in a single bond.

How many electrons are shared in a double bond?

4 electrons are shared in a double bond.

How many electrons are shared in a triple bond?

6 electrons are shared in a triple bond.

Why do atoms form multiple bonds?

Atoms form multiple bonds to achieve a more stable electron arrangement.

What is bond length?

Bond length is the distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms.

What is bond enthalpy?

Bond enthalpy is the energy required to break one mole of a covalent bond in the gaseous state.

What are the units of bond enthalpy?

kJ mol^-1

What does a higher bond enthalpy mean?

A higher bond enthalpy means a stronger bond.

How does bond order affect bond length?

As bond order increases, bond length decreases.

How does bond order affect bond strength?

As bond order increases, bond strength increases.

Why are multiple bonds shorter than single bonds?

Because more shared electrons create greater electron density between the nuclei and stronger attraction.

Which is longer: a single bond or a triple bond?

A single bond is longer than a triple bond.

Which is stronger: a single bond or a triple bond?

A triple bond is stronger than a single bond.

Which type of covalent bond is the shortest?

A triple bond is the shortest type of covalent bond.

Which type of covalent bond is the strongest?

A triple bond is the strongest type of covalent bond.

Which type of covalent bond is the longest?

A single bond is the longest type of covalent bond.

Which type of covalent bond is the weakest?

A single bond is the weakest type of covalent bond.

What is the trend in bond length from single to triple bonds?

Single bonds are longest, double bonds are shorter, and triple bonds are shortest.

What is the trend in bond strength from single to triple bonds?

Single bonds are weakest, double bonds are stronger, and triple bonds are strongest.

What is the C-C bond length?

147 pm

What is the C=C bond length?

134 pm

What is the C≡C bond length?

120 pm

What is the C-C bond enthalpy?

346 kJ mol^-1

What is the C=C bond enthalpy?

614 kJ mol^-1

What is the C≡C bond enthalpy?

839 kJ mol^-1

Why is a C≡C bond stronger than a C-C bond?

Because it has greater electron density between the nuclei and a shorter bond length.

What is the key exam trend for bond length?

Single > double > triple

What is the key exam trend for bond strength?

Triple > double > single