rates of reaction

what factors affect the rate of reaction

temperature

pressure

concentration

surface area

using catalyst

define rate of reaction

change in amount of reactant per time

define activation energy

the amount of energy that particles must have to start a chemical reaction

define collision theory

when particles that collide with the enough energy start a chemical reaction

how would you investigate the surface area being a factor of rates of reaction

using large marble Chips, small marble chips and power marble chips

marble chips are the small surface area

small marble chips have bigger surface area

powered have the most surface area

get clamp stand and attach the gas syringe there (make sure gas syringe is at 0cm cube)

get flask and put hydrochloric acid in it

put the chips (whichever chips you are testing) in the flask

quickly put on the bung for the gas syringe

start the timer when the sample has gone in the hydrcohlroci acid

each 10 seconds record the gas syringe

result should be that the more surface area = an increase rate of reaction

how would you investigate the factor of concerntration for rates of reaction

get two different concentrations that are hydrochloric acid

use fixed amount of hydrochloric acid and put each different concentration in a different flask

use fixed amount of marble chips and put it into the flask with the hydrochloric acid

close the flask lid using the gas syringe bung and record the gas syringes volume every 10 seconds

higher concentration = increase of rate of reaction

how would you investigate the temperature being a factor of rates of reaction

using sodium thiosulfate and hydrcloric acid

make a cross in a piece of paper and put it under the flask

put reactants in

start the stopwatch unit the x that you see through the glass dissapears.

repeat at different temperatures of the hydrochloric acid

how would you investigate the catalyst being a factor of rates of reaction

using maganese oxide or copper oxide and zinc oxide

use hydrogen peroxide as a solution

attach gas syringe onto a clamp stand

put hydrogen peroxide in a flask

put catalyst in flask

as soon as that happens put gas syringe bung on the flask and start the timer

each 10 seconds you record the gas syringes volume

why does an increase in surface area cause an increase of rate of reaction

when there is an increase in surface area, this means that more particles are exposed at the same time, this means there are more recent collisions meaning that there will be a faster rate of reaction

why does an increase in concerntration cause an increase of rate of reaction

higher concerntration means more particles per volume, this means more frequent collisions meaning an increase of rate of reaction

why does an increase in temerpature lead to a faster rate of reaction

higher temperature means particles have an increase in kinetic energy, this means an increase on the average kinetic energy. This means there will me more successful collisions that will reach activation energy meaning an increase of rate of reaction

why does a catalyst lead to a faster rate of reaction

catalyst increases the rate of reaction by giving the particles an alternate way to start a chemical reaction, since the alternate way has a lower activation energy the particles will reach the activation energy much more quicker compared to the original activation. Meaning an increase in activation energy.