psych 230 neuroanatomy

frontal lobe

higher cognitive processing, executive function

parietal lobe

touch, proprioception, speech

temporal lobe

speech, memory, hearing

occipital

vision

cerebellum

motor learning, balance

ventricular system

system of cavities that contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)

shock absorber for brain, transports nutrients, and removes waste

lateral ventricle

contains choroid plexus which makes CSF

3rd and 4th ventricles

produce CSF

cerebral aqueduct

connects 3rd and 4th ventricle, allows CSF to circulate

olfactory bulbs

smell

optic chiasm

two optic nerves cross over contralateral sides of brain

hypothalamus

main regulatory center involved in maintenance of homeostasis and the 4 Fs (feeding, fleeing, fighting, fornicating)

pons

balance, sleep

medulla

heart rate, respiration

spinal cord

voluntary movement, pain, sensation

mammillary bodies

memory

corpus callosum

hemisphere communication

cingulate gyrus

attention

fornix

major axon projections from hippocampus

thalamus

major processing center for all sensory input except smell

superior colliculus

low level visual processing

inferior colliculus

low level auditory and vestibular processing

pineal gland

produces and releases endocrine hormones, melatonin production

descartes

seat of the soul

hippocampus

center of emotion, memory, and the autonomic nervous system

amygdala

emotions and motivation

striatum: caudate nucleus & putamen

voluntary movements and coordinates slow skeletal muscle contractions (e.g. posture and balance)

meninges

three protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

dura mater

tough outermost layer

pia mater

delicate innermost layer

arachnoid

substance between dura and pia mater that cushions the brain in CSF