6.3 Endocrine Regulation and Pituitary Hormones

Flashcards covering key concepts and vocabulary related to the regulation of hormones from the pituitary gland and their functions.

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Also known as thyrotropin, it stimulates normal development and secretory activity of the thyroid gland.

Calcitonin

A hormone produced by parafollicular cells that regulates calcium metabolism by decreasing blood calcium levels.

Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH)

A releasing hormone that stimulates the secretion of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary.

Negative feedback loop

A regulatory mechanism where high levels of thyroid hormones inhibit the release of TRH and TSH.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Also known as corticotropin, it stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroids.

Growth Hormone (GH)

Stimulates growth and regulates metabolism; also known as somatostatin.

Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

A peptide hormone that stimulates melanin release in skin and hair, affecting pigmentation.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A gonadotropin that stimulates gamete production in ovaries and testes.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A gonadotropin that promotes gonadal hormone production in males and females.

Prolactin

Stimulated by lactotroph cells to promote milk production, regulated by dopamine.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

A peptide hormone that promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine production.

Oxytocin

A hormone involved in uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

A hormone that increases blood calcium levels by promoting bone resorption.

Calcitriol

The active form of vitamin D, which enhances calcium absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.