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8 Terms
Electron
A subatomic particle with a negative charge (-1), very small mass, found in the electron cloud around the nucleus, and responsible for chemical reactions and bonding.
Proton
A subatomic particle with a positive charge (+1) and a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu), located in the nucleus, determines the element type, and its number is the atomic number.
Neutron
A subatomic particle with no charge (neutral) and a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu), found in the nucleus, helps stabilize the nucleus, and its number can vary creating isotopes.
Atomic Number
The number of protons in an atom, which identifies the element.
Mass Number
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Neutral Atom
An atom in which the number of protons equals the number of electrons.
Example For Carbon
Carbon has 6 protons, 6 electrons, 6 neutrons, with a mass number of 12.
Quick Memory Trick
Proton = Positive, Electron = Negative, Neutron = Neutral.
