Key Legal Concepts in Civil Law

These flashcards cover key legal concepts and definitions from civil law, focusing on entities, legal capacity, and representation.

What are the three main types of legal entities in civil law?

1. Natural persons 2. Legal persons 3. Organizational units without legal personality that are granted legal capacity by law.

What distinguishes a legal person from a natural person?

A legal person has its own legal identity, rights, and obligations separate from those of its members.

What is meant by 'legal capacity' in civil law?

Legal capacity is the ability to be a subject of rights and obligations.

What constitutes a 'natural person' in civil law?

A natural person is defined as any human being.

What does 'the State Treasury' refer to in civil law?

The State Treasury is a legal person representing the state in civil law relations.

What differentiates state-owned legal persons from others?

State-owned legal persons are entirely owned by the state and carry out state functions.

What are the types of legal persons based on ownership criteria?

1. State legal persons 2. Local government legal persons 3. Other legal persons.

What is the legal provision regarding the liability of the Treasury for state legal persons?

The Treasury is generally not liable for obligations of state legal persons unless stipulated otherwise by law.

What is the concept of legal representation?

Legal representation is the act of performing legal actions on behalf of another person.

What is the difference between full legal capacity and limited legal capacity?

Full legal capacity allows a person to perform any legal acts; limited legal capacity permits certain acts under supervision or consent.

What is an 'intermediate representation' in terms of legal proceedings?

It refers to acting on behalf of another while being the legal entity itself.