Udder Heatlth 3

What is the prevalence of mastitis in beef cattle?

Not as common as in dairies but still causes decreased production

Usually isolated events

What is usualyl the pathogen that causes beef mastitis?

Trueperella pyogenes

What pathogens cause beef mastitis?

Trueperella pyogenes is most common

Staph aureus can come from fly transfure or pasture

Mycoplasma is rare but usually happens with dairy calves are purcahsed for grafting

What are the C/S of beef mastitis?

Purulent discharge with one quarter painful

What treatment is not effective for beef mastitis?

Intramammary treatment or injectable Ab

How do you treat beef mastitis?

Teat amputation of the bottom ½ (do not do the base due to major blood loss) 

What are the C/S of udder cleft dermatitis / necrotic dermatitis?

Malodours

Weeping wound

Udder atttachment to body wall

What can cause udder cleft dermatitis / necrotic dermatitis?

Not entirely known, but bacteria and mites have been associated

how do you treat udder cleft dermatitis / necrotic dermatitis?

Clean, topical antiseptic, miticide, eprinex

What is Mycoplasma wenyonii?

RBC parasite that causes bilateral real limb edema, teat and udder edema tue

Not associated with calving and resolvesin 6-8 days

How can you speed up Mycoplasma wenyonii recovery?

Injectable oxytet

What does does BHV 2 cause?

Herpes mammallitis causing vesicles and rapidly rupture on the entiree teat

Usually on 1st lactation of animals

When does herpes mammallitis manifest?

1st lactation

How do you diagnose herpes mammallitis?

Histo and virus isolation

T/F herpes mammallitis spreads rapidly?

True

How do you treat herpes mammallitis?

Teat dips with emollients

What does incorrect milking machine function cause?

Edema

Ringing

What is the severity score of mastitis with abnormal milk only?

1

What is the severity score of mastitis with abnormal milk and red or swollen quarter?

2

What is the severity score of mastitis with abnormal milk, swollen quarter and systemic signs?

3

What is not culture based mastitis treatment?

IMM Ab treatment and wait for culture

If no growth, stop tx

If gram negative change Ab

If gram + continue or do narrow spectrum ab for 1-3 days

How do you treat a culture based mastitis?

IMM Ab treatment and culture then reassess treatment

OR

Culture then decide your treatment if gram + with IMM Ab

If you culture S. aureus mastitis. It is really hard to tx usually, so when do you do it?

Early lactation treat

Mid lactation dont treat

Late lactation dry early

If chronic then cull

What are the positives of not culture based treatment?

Increased probability of bacterial cure

Decreased probability of chronicity

Rapid return to saleable milk

SHOULD FREEZE A SAMPLE ANYWAY

What are the positives of culture based treatment for mastitis?

Reduces antibiotic use

30% will have a negative culture

30% will have a gram - and clear w/o Ab

30% will be gram + and have some treatment success

What are your IMM treatment options?

Very limited options, cerftiofur, cephapirin sodium, amoxicillin, sodium cloxacillin, and hetacillin potassium are all available

What is the goal of severe mastitis (score 3) tx?

Endotoxin relief

how do you treat severe mastitis (score 3)?

IV fluids with hypertonic saline or PO water if not possible

Anti inflammatories like flunixin or dexamethasone

Systemic antibiotics with excenel

IMM antibiotic with spectramast or polymast to get gram -

Transfaunate as necessary

Check back in on the cow after

What should you think if there is an increase in mastitis or SCC in animals <60DIM?

Infeciton is occurring during calving

Look at the environment, especially calving areas

Assess dry treatment protocol if innucolating, it needs to be sterile 

When is there a increase in BTSCC after an environmental outbreak?

After 7-10 days then it will go down once fixed in a day or two

What do you do if there is a slow increase in BTSCC over weeks to month?

Think contagious, likely S. aureus

BUT start with 3 different daily BT cultures

Can cause a sudden increase but rare

T/F freezing bulk tank samples increases likelihood of finding S. aureus due to lysis of WBCs?

True

What are your mastitis investigation steps?

1. is the problem real

2. Evaluate any records

3. Culture bulk tank always

4. Culture individual cows depending on organism found

5. Assess parlor/prep/environment/cleanliness ALWAYS