History 1010, Test 1
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157 Terms
Levant
The eastern Mediterranean region
Modern day countries in Levant
Syria
Fertile Crescent
A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates
Natufians
The earliest settlers of the Levant
Yangzi River
River that cuts through central China
Huang He River
Yellow River
Did males or females originally do agriculture work
Women
Where did teh first plant domestication occur
Western Edge of the Fertile Crescent
Where were the Natufians located
The Levant
What bout seeds to Syria
mass migration
what plant domestication did the Natufians do?
Barley and Rye
Why were cats dommesticated
the storage of food which led to mice
what cultural changed were Brough ton because of teh transition to agriculture
settlement size
what concepts developed during the first transition to agriculutre
private property
what did people fashion clay figurines to be during the first transition to agriculture
mother goddesses
Where did the second transition to agriculture occur
China
Where were the two transitions to agriculture in china
The Yang river basin
How long did the tradition of wild plants to domesticated ones take in china
thousands of years
what plant did china domesticate
rice
where was rice first cultivated
the Yang River
What did the process to cultivate rice reveal
The Cooperative labor and engineering knowledge was used for rice cultivation
what did northern china cultivate
millet
what animals did china domesticate
chicken and pigs
what preceded the domestications of crops in china
pottery
In southeast and South Asia what was the order of cultivation
sedentary villages
what plants did New guinie culticate
sugarcane
did New Guineas domesticate their own animas
no
In Africas transition Africa did animal or plant domestication take place first
animals
what did climate pressures and the expansion of the Sahara cause in Africa
societies around remaining lakes where they domesticated millet
What was domesticated in Peru
Potatoes
what hardly factors into the transition to agriculture in teh americas
animals
what plants did mesoamerica domesticate
beans
where was maize most likely first cultivated
Western Mexico
hominins
Humans and their immediate ancestors
what was the name of the asteroid
The Chicxulub Impactor
where did the crater hit
the Yucatan peninsula (coast of Mexico)
what did primate evolution begin in the lack of presence of
dinosaurs as predators
what sets hominins apart
bipedalism
what is Homo sapiens develop to survive
bigger brains
what evolutionary advantages came from bigger brains
social cooperation
where in the world did Homo sapiens first appear
North and East Africa
what does paleolitic era mean
old stone age
what is the Paleolithic era known for
the development and use of stone tools
what demographic change came about in the late Paleolithic cultural revolution
population surge
what art and technology developed in the late Paleolithic cultural revolution
representation art
what was the first musical instrument called
the Dive Babe Flute
What did art and technology reflect int eh late Paleolithic cultural revolution
tighter bonds around spiritual belifsq
What is Shamanism
Shamanism is the belief in gods and spirits and the spirit world
in shamanism how did people connect with supernatural beings
music
name the three first permanent settlers
the mammoth hunter of Ukraine
where was the magdalenian
between Portugal and poland
where was the Gobekli tepe
SE Turkey
what was the first example of monumental architeture
the gobekli tapes temple
what was one of the first cultures to develop pottery
the Jomon
In early faming village societies what was the role of men
to prepare fields and tend and harvest to crops
in early faming village societies what was the role of women
to tend and harvest crops
what concept emerged in early farming socieiies
Kinfolk
What was the first walled city in wold history
Jericho
where was Jericho located
In the Jordan Valley near freshwater springs and salt deposits
was Jericho or Çatalhöyük smaller
Jericho
where was Çatalhöyük located
south-central Anatolia near rich soil and obsidian
was Çatalhöyük considered a city
no
what did Çatalhöyük live off of
wheat/barley farming
What is Pastoralist
a way of life based on herding domesticated animals
where were pastoral sociities common
in regions that couldn't support extensive agriccultrue
where did the first pastoral cities emerge
mesopotamia on village finges
where did pastoralism floursh
the eurasian steppe and Africa
what tethered pastoral communities to farming villages
trade
what was the role of men in pastoral societies
to herd
what was the role of women in pastoral societies
to do chores
what military advantage did pastoral societies have over farming villages
horses - speed
what were the regions that the world first cities emerged in
Mesopotamia
What new technologies were created along river bases
wheel
Where did Mesopotamia emerge
between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
what revelotunary system was developed in mesoptamis
irrigation system to use and navigate the tigris and euphraties
Did Mesopotamia have many natural resources
no
what are the three main Mesopotamian cities
Sumerians
where were the sumerians
in the south
where were the hurrians
in the north
where were the akkadians
in the west
what were the major cities in summerian
erode
what did Uruk serve as
a commercial and administrative hub
what was located in city centers
temples
what are city states
independent self-governing communities that included the settlement and nearby countryside
what are Ziggurats
American temples
what does Ziggurat's mean
gods estate
were Ziggurats strictly religious sites
no
where were royal places located?
On the edge of cities
Name three main palaces form mesoptamia
Royal Place of Mari
What were places symbols of
royal
how did rulers tie their status to gods
burial arrangements
what did specialization determine
social staus
what is the social hierarchy
kings
What could priestesses do
own estates
who had the world first writing system
mesopotamia
what is Cuneiform
the earliest system of writing
who developed Cuneiform
Sumerians
what did scribes use Cuneiform for
keeping track of trade and property
list the earliest Sumerian cities
Eridu
What did Sargon the great do
established the Akkadian Empire