Aerobic Respiration

Cellular respiration

The process that involves the oxidation and reduction of molecules to produce energy in the form of ATP.

Glycolysis

The breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, resulting in the production of ATP.

Pyruvate

The end product of glycolysis that is further oxidized during the transition reaction to form acetyl-CoA.

Hans Adolf Krebs

A German-British scientist who discovered the Krebs cycle in the 1930s.

Krebs cycle

Also known as the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic cycle, it is a series of oxidation reactions that generate NADH, FADH2, GTP, and CO2.

Electron transport chain

A series of protein complexes where electrons released by NADH and FADH2 pass through, generating ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

ATP Synthase

The enzyme responsible for the synthesis of ATP using the energy from the flow of protons through it.

Anaerobic respiration

The process of producing energy without oxygen, which involves glycolysis and fermentation.

Intermembrane space

The space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes, where protons are pumped during electron transport.

Matrix

The innermost compartment of the mitochondria where ATP synthesis and the Krebs cycle occur.

Cristae

Folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane that increase the surface area for ATP production.

Inner membrane

The membrane of the mitochondria that contains proteins involved in the electron transport chain and ATP synthase.

Transition Reaction

The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, producing CO2 and NADH.

Krebs Cycle

A series of reactions that oxidize acetyl-CoA, producing CO2, NADH, FADH2, and GTP.

Reactants

The molecules that initiate the process of cellular respiration, such as glucose and oxygen.

Products

The molecules that are produced during and after cellular respiration, including carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

Aerobic respiration

The process of producing energy involving the presence of oxygen.

Four stages of cellular respiration

Glycolysis, transition reaction, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain.

Mitochondria

The organelles where the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur in cellular respiration.