English IV Daigle Midterm

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made by Ella Balhoff

English

12th

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263 Terms

1
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what is empowerment?
having or taking over control over all aspects of your life
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how did the Nazis view empowerment?
as control over others & reserved for the government
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why were the Nazis against people's empowerment?
it was a threat to their goals & ideologies
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what was Bertie's physical challenge?
a stutter
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how are people with physical challenges often empowered?
by therapy where they are pushed to the point of anger
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in "The King's Speech," what did Bertie proclaim when he was pushed?
"I have a voice!"
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how are people in "Siddhartha" empowered?
through mentors & advisers that are helping them through spiritual challenges
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in "The King's Speech," why was it so important for Bertie to find his voice & be prepared for such a speech?
the country needed a strong leader to lead them through the upcoming war
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how long is King George's speech?
404 words - almost 6 minutes
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in King George's declaration of war speech, what does he instruct people to do?
"I ask them to stand calm and firm and united in this time of trial."
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in King George's speech, what does Bertie mean by, "For the second time in most of our lives, we are at war."
he referring to WWI & how they are about to enter another war
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in King George's speech, what does Bertie mean by, "We have been forced into a conflict for which are called with our allies to meet the challenge of a principle, which if it were to prevail, would be fatal to any civilized order in the world."
he's explaining that he didn't want war, but there was no choice
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why didn't Bertie just print his speech in the newspaper rather than saying it due to his disability?
speaking it would assure the people of his protection -- if he didn't say it, he would look like a coward
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what is the life lesson we can learn from "The King's Speech"?
perseverance: we must keep trying
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what's the irony about Chaucer's Parsoner's Tale?
he says it's the longest tale, but it's not
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in his Retraction, what does Chaucer ask the reader to do for him?
to pray for him for God's mercy - for writing what he wrote
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in his Retraction, what does Chaucer say that will hopefully save his soul on judgment day?
his good writings
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if Chaucer was so concerned over the state of his soul, why did he publish the book & make a lot of money?
he wasn't any different from the Pardoner because he lived for money
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what is the genre of the Knight's Tale?
chivalric romance
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where is the setting of the Knight's Tale?
ancient mythological Greece(Athens & Thebes)
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what is the theme of the Knight's Tale?
instability of human life & that no one is immune to disaster
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what do the elements of courtly love in the Knight's Tale show?
that love is a sickness - Palamon & Arcite are both miserable and risk their loves over a lady
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what's the genre of "Man's Search for Meaning"?
psychological autobiography
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when & where was Victor Frankl born?
Vienna, Austria - 1905
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who did Frankl correspond with throughout his career?
Sigmund Freud
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what was the title of Frankl's manuscript?where did his wife hide it when he entered the concentration camps?
"The Doctor and the Soul" - hidden in the lining on his jacket
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who in Frankl's family survived the Holocaust?
himself & his sister [who left Austria before the war]
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when was Frankl's concentration camp liberated?
April 1945
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did Frankl stay at 1 concentration camp? explain.
no - started at Auschwitz & was transferred to 2 other camps
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what works did Frankl publish?
- his manuscript (rewritten)- "Man's Search for Meaning"- autobiography- "Man's Search for Ultimate Meaning"
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after his liberation, what jobs did Frankl hold?
- director of a neurological clinic- taught at Vienna Medical School- founded Austrian Medical Society of Psychotherapy- taught at University of Vienna
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what were some of Frankl's hobbies?
mountain climbing & flying planes
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what was Frankl's last work?
"Man's Search for Ultimate Meaning"
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according to Frankl, what was the key to survival in concentration camps?
- having a meaning of life / purpose- believed in God- fell back on their thoughts / intellect- cherishing loved ones
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describe the 2 parts of "Man's Search for Meaning."
1: personal essay about his imprisonment2: "Logotherapy in a Nutshell" - description of his psychotherapeutic method
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according to Frankl, what is a person's deepest desire?
to search for meaning and purpose
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what Greek god is associated with Greek theater?
Dionysus
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who put the 1st actor on stage in a solo performance?
Thespis of Icaria
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who put the 2nd actor to stage?what did this person primarily write?
Aeschylus - wrote comedies
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who put the 3rd character to stage?what does this do for the play?
Sophocles - adds drama & conflict
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what's the Greek chorus?
a group of masked men who provided commentary on actions & events in the play -- created a deeper meaning between characters & audience
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what was a skene?
a building in Greek plays that provided changing rooms & often painted on to suggest the play's setting
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what is parados?
the 1st time an Ancient Greek chorus enters the stage during a performance
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when & where was Sophocles born?
496 BC - Colonus, Greece
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what were some of Sophocles' occupations?
- ambassador- wrestler- dancer- musicians- politician- military leader
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how many plays did Sophocles write? how many survived in complete form?
120 total plays7 completely survived
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what were Sophocles' plays?
- Oedipus the King- Antigone- Oedipus at Colonus
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which play did Sophocles write when he was 90? how was this somewhat autobiographic?
Oedipus at Colonus - in this play, Oedipus was also 90
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irony in which that audience has more plot knowledge than the character(s)
dramatic irony
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a protagonist's trait that contributes to his / her downfall by mismatch between characters & circumstances
hamartia / tragic flaw
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excessive pride
hubris
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the central hero of a tragedy, often having a trait that leads to their donwfall
tragic hero
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the belief that one's fate is sealed by God or mythical forces
predestination
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a process of recognition in which characters see their own nature, destiny more clearly than before -- recognition of the truth
anagnorisis
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the release of powerful, healing emotions that make tragedy so moving -- cleansing & healing of the audience
catharsis
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what is the Oedipus Complex? who coined this term?
a son's wish to posses his mother & eliminate his father / a child sees the same sex parent as a rival -- from Sigmund Freud
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character: King of Thebes
Oedipus
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character: brother of Jocasta
Creon
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character: old, blind prophet
Tiresias
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character: wife & mother of Oedipus - Queen of Thebes
Jocasta
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character: a daughters of Oedipus
Antigone & Ismene
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what are Aristotle's theory of 3 unities?
requirements for the perfect tragedy:- unity of action (1 story)- unity of place (1 location)- unity of time (1 day)
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the part of a Greek drama that often follows the last song of the Chorus - after, everyone leaves the stage
exodus
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what is ironic about Sophocles' personality?
he's gifted admired, & successful - had a dark view of human life & aware of life's pain and sorrow
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what did Aristotle say was the model of a perfectly made tragedy?
Oedipus the King
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according to Aristotle, what 2 emotions should tragedy trigger?
pity & terror
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an imitation of an action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude
Aristotle's definition of tragedy
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what happened to Oedipus' ancestors that doomed him?
Cadmus' (great-great grandfather of Oedipus) wife received a cursed necklace from Hephaestus that will make their descendants' lives miserable
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around what event was Beowulf believed to be recorded? by who?
1066 - William of Normandy takes Britain at the Battle of Hastings by defeating the Saxons -- written down by Christian monks
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what is the 1st English literary masterpiece?
Beowulf
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when was Beowulf supposedly composed?
700 AD - passed down orally
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what happened to the only surviving manuscript of Beowulf?
it was badly damaged by fire in Sir Robert Cotton's library, who was an antiquarian (collector of old, rare books)
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where is the Beowulf manuscript now?
the British Library
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what is the theme of Beowulf?
good versus evil & determining good people from bad
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what are kennings?
riddle sayings - 1 to 2 words(present in Beowulf)
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what is a comitatus?
"small war band" - swore an oath of loyalty(present in Beowulf)
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in Beowulf, who Beowulf's foil?
Unferth
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what is a scop?
a court poet(present in Beowulf)
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why is it odd that Beowulf is an English folk epic?
Beowulf is a Scandinavian hero & member of the tribe of Greats
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what genre is everyman?
medieval morality play (allegory)
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what's an allegory?
a story with a literal & metaphorical meaning
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what's Everyman about?
recounts the life and death of Everyman, an allegorical figure who represents all of humanity. At the beginning of the play, God orders Death to visit Everyman and to warn him that he will be judged by God himself. Terrified, Everyman turns to Fellowship. His friends soon desert him, however -- the only friend that stays with him is Good Deeds
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what genre is Dante's Inferno?
Italian Epic Poem & Medieval Allegory
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what translation of Dante did we read? why?
Pinsky - remains rhyme scheme & meaning
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how does Dante influence Petrarch?
Petrarch's Laura and Dante's Beatric both have the theme of a man's undying love for the unattainable woman as its themes
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what was Dante's work that solely focused on Beatrice, his love?
The New Life (La Vita Nuova)
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what role does Beatrice play in Dante's Divine Inferno?
Beatrice asks Mary to allow Dante to travel through Hell, Purgatory, & Heaven - so he would change his bad ways to be with her in Heaven
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how did Dante's Inferno influence Christian views?
before the Inferno, Christians didn't really have an image of hell - Dante gives a vivid & horrible one
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on what day does Dante's Inferno begin?
Holy Thursday 1300
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how does Dante's Inferno start? what's significant about this?
"in the middle of our life's journey" - it shows Dante's age
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how does "in the middle of our life's journey" show Dante's age?
it's a biblical allusion to a verse that says that a man's life is 3 score & 10 years (70 years) - so 70/2 = 35 years old
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explain the basics of Dante's life.
born in Florence, Italy - involved in government - exiled from Florence for trying to expose a corrupt Pope - settled at Ravenna
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what's the purpose of Dante's inferno?
to warn others to be faithful to God
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what language did Dante write the Inferno in? why?
Italian - wanted the average person to be able to read it (wanted to save souls)
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what's significant about Dante writing the Inferno in Italian?
all the greats wrote in Latin - it was out of place to write in your own languagean
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in medieval times, what was a "comedy"?
an optimistic process from worse to better
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how did Dante's Divine Comedy gain it's title?
it was originally titled "Comedy" by Dante, but the poet Boccaccio added "Divine" to it(he referred to Dante as the "divine poet")
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what are the 3 sections of Dante's Divine Comedy?
InfernoPurgatoryHeaven
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through what levels does Virgil guide Dante through?
Inferno & Purgatory
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through what levels does Beatrice guide Dante through?
from the edge of Purgatory to the gates of Heaven