BIOL215 Cardiovascular System: Heart Part 1 Exam 1

What are the four functions of the Heart

1. generating blood pressure

2. routing blood

3. ensuring one-way blood flow

4. regulating blood supply

What side of the Heart does the Pulmonary Circuit involve?

The right side

What side of the Heart does the Systemic Circuit involve?

The left side

Where in the Thoracic Cavity is the Heart located?

The Mediastinum

Which pericardium is associated with a tough fibrous outer layer?

The Fibrous Pericardium

What pericardium is associated with a thin, transparent inner layer?

The Serous Pericardium

What Pericardium lines the fibrous outer layer?

The Parietal Pericardium

What Pericardium covers the heart surface?

The Visceral Pericardium

What is defined as "excess fluid in pericardial sac"

Pericardial Effusion

What term is associated with a potentially fatal condition where a large vol. of fluid/blood accumulates in the pericardial cavity?

Cardiac Tamponade

What is the other name for Epicardium?

Visceral Pericardium

What term is defined as the smooth outer surface of the heart

Epicardium

What makes up the cardiac muscle cell?

The Myocardium

What is the smooth inner surface of the heart chamber called?

Endocardium

Where are Pectinate Muscles found?

The Atria

Where are the Papillary Muscles found?

The Ventricles

What separates Pectinate muscles?

Crista Terminalis

What are the Four Chambers of the Heart

right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

Where does blood enter the Heart through?

1. Superior and inferior vena cava - from body to right atrium

2. Coronary sinus - from exterior surface of heart to right atrium

3. Pulmonary veins - from lungs to left atrium

How Does Blood Exit the Heart?

1. Aorta - from left ventricle

2. Pulmonary trunk - from right ventricle

What do the Coronary Arteries do?

Immediate source that provides blood to the Heart

Where does the Great Cardiac Vein drain blood?

The left side of the Heart

Where does the Small Cardiac Vein drain blood?

The right margin of the Heart

Where do veins empty into?

Coronary Sinus

Where does the Right Atrium receive blood returning from?

Blood returning from the body

Where does the Left Atrium receive blood returning from?

Receives blood from the Lungs

What is the wall between the Atria called?

Interatrial Septum

What is the remnant of the Foramen ovale?

Fossa Ovalis

What exit ventricle is associated with the Pulmonary Semilunar Valve?

The Right ventricle

What exit ventricle is associated with the Aortic Semilunar Valve?

The Left Ventricle

What is the function of the Heart Valves?

Prevent backflow of blood.

What anchores AV valves down to Chordae Tendinae

Papillary Muscles

What provides support to the Heart?

The Fibrous Skeleton

SA Node is considered the "______" of the heart

pacemaker

What does the SA node generate?

Spontaneous Action Potentials

Electrical Excitation precedes what?

Contraction

AV Node conducts action potentials more _______ then others

Slowly

Why is the AV Node slower?

Gives the Atria time to contract