Alliteration
The repetition of initial consonant sounds in nearby words.
Allusion
An indirect reference to Shakespeare, greek mythology, or the bible.
Analogy
A comparison between two things for the purpose of explanation.
Apostrophe
A figure of speech in which a writer addresses an absent person or a personified idea.
Assonance
The repetition of vowel sounds within nearby words.
Characterization
The creation of a character through description, actions, and dialogue.
Cliché
An overused expression or idea that has lost its originality.
Connotation
The implied or associated meaning of a word.
Denotation
The literal or primary meaning of a word.
Diction
The choice of words and style of expression used by a writer.
Euphemism
A mild or indirect word substituted for one considered harsh.
Flashback
A scene set in a time earlier than the main story.
Foreshadowing
Hints or clues about what will happen later in the story.
Hyperbole
Exaggerated statements not meant to be taken literally.
Imagery
Descriptive language that appeals to the senses.
Irony
A contrast between expectation and reality.
Juxtaposition
Placing two elements side by side to highlight their differences.
Metaphor
A figure of speech that describes one thing as another.
Meter
The rhythmic structure of verses in poetry.
Motif
A recurring theme, subject, or idea in a literary work.
Personification
Attribution of human qualities to non-human things.
Satire
The use of humor, irony, or exaggeration to criticize or mock.
Simile
A comparison using 'like' or 'as'.
Symbolism
The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Theme
The central topic or idea explored in a text.
Tone
The author's attitude toward the subject or audience.
Oxymoron
A figure of speech in which contradictory terms appear together.
Paradox
A statement that contradicts itself but may reveal a deeper truth.
Parody
A humorous or satirical imitation of a serious piece of literature.
Pathos
An appeal to the audience's emotions.
Pun
A humorous play on words that exploits multiple meanings.
Rhetorical Question
A question asked for effect, not requiring an answer.
Soliloquy
An act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when alone.
Bildungsroman
A coming-of-age story depicting the protagonist's growth.
Enjambment
The continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line.
Caesura
A pause in a line of poetry, usually placed in the middle.
Motif
A recurring element that has symbolic significance.
Literary Foil
A character who contrasts with another character to highlight particular qualities.
Anthropomorphism
Attributing human characteristics to animals or inanimate objects.
Imagery
Descriptive language used to create visual representations.
Couplet
Two lines of verse that typically rhyme.
Tercet
A three-lined stanza or verse.
Quatrain
A four-lined stanza.
Sestet
A six-lined stanza.
Octave
An eight-lined stanza.
Exposition
The introduction that sets up the story.
Denouement
The resolution of the story where the strands are drawn together.
Cliffhanger
A dramatic and exciting ending to a chapter or story.
Stream of Consciousness
A narrative mode conveying the thoughts and sensory experiences of characters.
Metonymy
Substituting the name of one thing with the name of something closely associated.