Comprehensive Music History: Nationalism, Opera, Modernism & Australian Styles

Nationalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests of a particular nation, often expressed through cultural and artistic means.

Romanticism

An artistic movement emphasizing emotion and individualism, often in reaction to the industrial revolution.

Bel Canto

A style of singing that emphasizes beautiful tone and technique, influencing Romantic composers.

Verismo

A style of opera that focuses on everyday life and realistic characters.

Leitmotivs

Musical phrases associated with specific characters or themes, often used in operas.

Exoticism

A musical style that incorporates elements from foreign cultures.

Historicism

The practice of interpreting music in the context of historical events and cultural movements.

Programmatic Music

Music that is intended to evoke images or convey the impression of events.

Absolutism

A musical style that emphasizes pure form and structure without programmatic elements.

Hyper Romanticism

An extreme form of Romanticism that pushes emotional expression to its limits.

Decadence

A cultural movement characterized by a focus on aestheticism and a rejection of traditional values.

Emancipation of Dissonance

The process of freeing dissonance from its traditional role of leading to resolution.

Second Viennese School

A group of composers in the early 20th century who developed twelve-tone technique.

Polyrhythm

The simultaneous use of two or more conflicting rhythms.

Polytonality

The use of two or more different keys at the same time.

Polymeter

The use of two or more different meters simultaneously.

Neoclassicism

A movement that sought to return to the aesthetics of classical music.

Serialism

A method of composition using a series of values to manipulate different musical elements.

Aleatory

Music that incorporates elements of chance in its composition or performance.

Surrealism

An artistic movement that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind.

Futurism

An artistic movement that emphasized speed, technology, and modernity.

Spectralism

A movement in music that focuses on the analysis of sound spectra.

Pastiche

A work that imitates the style of other works, often as a form of homage.

Collage

A technique that combines various elements from different sources into a single work.

Appropriation

The act of taking something for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission.

Acknowledgement

Recognition of the contributions of others, particularly in the context of cultural practices.