Biology - Biological Molecules 2

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biology molecules section 2

Last updated 6:57 AM on 12/21/22
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35 Terms

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Phospholipid structure
________ allows to form glycolipids by combining with carbohydrates within the membrane.
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Proportion of oxygen
________ to carbon and hydrogen is smaller than in carbohydrates.
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Peptide bond
________ can be broken by hydrolysis forming its two constituent amino acids.
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purple coloration
A(n) ________ indicates the presence of peptide bonds and hence a protein.
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hydrogen bonds
The chains run parallel to each other and are crossed linked by ________ which adds strength.
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Hydrophilic phosphate heads
________ help to hold the surface of csm.
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Insulation
________: fats are slow conductors of heat and when stored beneath the body surface helps to retain body heat.
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Protection
________: fat is stored around delicate organs such as kidney.
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form
Branched ________ has many ends each of which can be acted on by enzymes so glucose monomers can be released very rapidly.
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amino acids
Linked ________ have both- NH and- C= O groups on either side of every peptide bond.
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fatty acid
Has hydrophobic tails (________ molecules) that repels water but is fat soluble.
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Specific 3D shape
________ gives its function and allow interaction with other molecules.
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presence of lipids
5- a milky white emulsion indicates ________.
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major component of plant
Cellulose a(n) ________ cell walls and provide rigidity to the plant cell.
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Polar molecules
________; in aqueous environment, phospholipid molecules form a bilayer within cell surface membranes, forming hydrophobic barrier.
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carbon hydrogen bonds
High ratio of energy- storing ________ to carbon atoms, so excellent source of energy.
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Hydrogen bonds
________- numerous but easily broken.
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Amino acids
________ join together to form peptide bonds by condensation reaction and gives water.
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polar molecules
Insoluble in water since they are large non- ________.
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amino acid
Water made by combining an- OH from the carboxyl group of a(n) ________ and a- H from the amino group from another ________.
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source of energy
when oxidised, they produce more than twice the energy the same mass of carbohydrate and release valuable water
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waterproofing
lipids are insoluble in water so it is useful for waterproofing
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insulation
fats are slow conductors of heat and when stored beneath the body surface helps to retain body heat
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protection
fat is stored around delicate organs such as kidney
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Test for lipids
emulsion test
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1
take a completely dry and grease free test tube
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2
to 2cm^3 of the sample being tested, add 5cm^3 of ethanol
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3
shake the tube thoroughly to dissolve everything
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add 5cm^3 of water and shake gently
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5
a milky white emulsion indicates presence of lipids
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amino acids
basic monomer units
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Primary structure of proteins
polypeptides
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disulfide bridges
very strong
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ionic bonds
formed between any carboxyl group and amino groups that are not involved in forming peptide bonds
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hydrogen bonds
numerous but easily broken