Physics — All of D (Fields)

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22 Terms

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Gravitational Field Strength
The force per unit mass acting on a small test mass placed in a gravitational field.
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Gravitational Potential
Work done per unit mass in moving a small test mass from a point of zero potential to a point in the field.
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Escape Speed

The minimum speed required to escape from a gravitational field.

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Newton's Law of Gravitation
F = G(m1 * m2) / r^2; describes the gravitational force between two masses.
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Kepler's First Law
Planetary orbits are elliptical with a star at one focus.
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Kepler's Second Law
The line connecting a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times.
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Kepler's Third Law
The square of the orbital time period of a satellite is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.
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Gravitational Potential Energy

The work done in bringing two masses from infinity to their present positions.
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Orbital Speed
The speed at which an object must move to maintain its orbit around another object.
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Lenz's Law
The induced emf will act in such a way as to oppose the change that produced it.
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Electric Potential

The work done in bringing a small test charge from a point of zero potential to a point in the field

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Magnetic Flux

The product of the magnetic field strength and the area normal to the field.

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Faraday's Law
The induced emf is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
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gravitational field

a region of space in which an object experiences a force due to its mass

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PE

-(GMm)/r

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KE

(GMm)/(2r)

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Total energy

-(GMm)/(2r)

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gravitational potential difference

the work done in moving a mass between two points in a gravitational field

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polar orbit

satellites orbit over the earth’s poles in one plane, intersecting the earth’s center, with earth rotating underneath

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geosynchronous orbit

satellites stay in the same area of sky and typically follow a figure-of-eight orbit

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geostationary orbit

satellites orbit above the plane of the equator at the same rotational speed as the Earth

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magnetic field

exists at a point where a magnetic force acts on a magnetic pole placed at that point