W2L1A - Reference manual-Computer Architecture & Algorithms

Hardware

is comprised of physical, tangible parts.

Software

is comprised of programs and operating systems.

Hardware

Example: CPU, monitor, motherboard

Software

Example: Windows, Linux, Microsoft Office, Zoom

Programs

are composed of collections of instructions and procedures that perform specific tasks on a computer.

Computers

________ follow instructions.

algorithm

A list of steps to solve a problem or perform a computation.

algorithm

written in a language that the computer understands is a software program

Windows Command line also known as cmd.exe or CMD,

is the command-line interpreter for the Windows operating system. It is a text-based interface that allows users to interact with the computer by typing text-based commands.

WMIC (Windows Management Instrumentation

Command-line)

is a terminal utility on Microsoft Windows operating systems that allows users to access system resources and settings. You can use it to query system settings, set system properties, and perform system actions via the Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) framework.

C:\Users\student>wmic cpu get caption, deviceid, Manufacturer, name, numberofcores, status

Run the following command to extract relevant information about your device’s CPUs:

wmic os get caption, version, osarchitecture, buildnumber, servicepackmajorversion

Run the following command line to get relevant information about your Operating system :

Binary

1 or 0

1 or 0

This is called a bit

RAM

Program is stored in _________

CPU

Orchestrates program execution & Performs fetch-decode-execute cycles 12

Algorithm

“a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer”

Plain English

Pseudo-code

Flowchart

The algorithm can be described in a variety of ways:

Pseudocode

is an artificial and informal language that helps programmers develop algorithms.

Pseudocode

is a "text-based" detail (algorithmic) design tool.

Pseudocode

The rules of _______ are reasonably straightforward. All statements showing "dependency" are to be indented. These include while, do, for, if, switch.

flowchart

is a picture of the separate steps of a process in

sequential order.

A flowchart

It is a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes, and can be used to describe various processes, such as a manufacturing process, an administrative or service process, or a project plan.

Program code

Implementation of an algorithm in a programming language.

A programming language

is a formal language comprising a set of strings that produce various kinds of machine code output.

Low Level Languages

Machine Code and Assembly are ________