Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Industrial Revolution
1700s:Britain
1800s: USA, Germnay
1900s: Europe, China, South America
New technolgy during the Industrial Revolution
New farming machinary, Electricity, Telegraph, Telephone
Subsitution Principle
busineses subsitute one factor of production for another;human labor for machines
Core countries
wealthy, militarily strong and hold signifigant social power and colonial power
Perpherial countries
poor, have exploitable resoruces, and do not posses great socail stability or government
Semi-perpherial countires
have some of the charcateristics of core and perpherial countries
Primary
fishing,mining,forestry
less than 5% of labor force in MDC’s but often over 70% of LDC’s
Secondary
Manufacturing (raw materials to finshed goods)
Teritary
goods and services to people in exchnage for money
retail,banking,education,government
Quaterhary
information technologies, reserach, and development
Quinery
high levels of decsion making governmnet officals, college deans, CEO’s
Labor intensive industries
wages constitute high percentage of buisness expences
Capital intensive industries
wages constitute low percentage of business expenses
labor costs lower in LDC’s
Break of Bulk point
cargo is shifted from one type of transportation to another
ex: ship to plane
Weber’s Least Cost Theory
industry is situated within the area where the costs of transporting raw materials and the final output are minimal
Wallerstien’s World System Theory
claims that rich core capitalist socities succed by exploiting pooer peripherial ones. In between are semi-peripheral societies and a precarious global middles class
GDP
value of national output produced in a country
GNI
mesures income earned, including income from investments, that flows back into the country
GNP
includes that earnings from all assets owned by residnets, ommiting the earnings of all foreigners living in the country
Gini coefficent
a score closer to 0 or 0% means less inequality, closer to 1 or 100% means more inequality
Rostow’s Theory
1) Traditional society
2) Preconditions for take-off
3) Take-off
4) Drive to maturity
5) High mass conumption
Critisms against Rostow’s theory
based off America and Europe
encourages the explotation of LDC’s
assumes everyone has access to a vast amount of resources
Spatial patterns
an analytical tool used to measure the distance between two or more physical locations or items
types: absolute and relative distance and direction, clustering, dispersal, and elevation
Growth pole
a specific area or sector that drives economic development in a region
Galactic city model
also known as the peripheral model
is made up of an inner city, with large suburban residential and business areas surrounding it. These areas are tied together by transportation nodes, like beltways, to avoid traffic congestion
Deindustrialization
a process in which the industrial activity in a country or region is removed or reduced because of a major economic or social change
Quaternary sector
the industry based on human knowledge which involves technology, information, financial planning, research, and development
Map scale
the relationship of a feature's length on a map to its actual distance on Earth