New Deal

Election of 1932

FDR defeats Hoover in an election where the depression is the main issue

FDR

32nd President of the United States during the Depression and WWII. He instituted the New Deal. Served from 1933 to 1945, he was the only president in U.S. history to be elected to four terms

Fireside Chats

radio broadcasts made by FDR to the American people to explain his initiatives

3 R's of new deal

Relief, Recovery, Reform

21st Amendment

Amendment which ended the Prohibition of alcohol in the US, repealing the 18th amendment

Glass-Steagall Act

established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and included banking reforms, some of which were designed to control speculation

Securities and Exchange Commission

(SEC) monitors the stock market and enforces laws regulating the sale of stocks and bonds

Social Security Act

created a tax on workers and employers. That money provided monthly pensions for retired people.

Works Progress Administration

New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings.

Arguments for New Deal

-Employed millions of people, putting money in people's pockets

-Ended the banking crisis

-Reformed the stock market

-Helped people keep their homes

-Built roads, dams that electrified rural areas, preserved millions of acres of national parklands

-Restored Americans' faith in their government

Arguments against New Deal

- gave too much power to the Federal Government

- failed to end the Great Depression

- Increased the nation's debt because of deficit spending

Frances Perkins

U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the cabinet.

Eleanor Roosevelt

FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women

New Deal and Unions

The ND gave unions much more power (Wagner Act). Unions could organize and bargain collectively.

New Deal and African Americans

New Deal Programs did NOT directly confront racial injustice; African Americans; did benefit from New Deal Programs; African Americans switched their allegiance to the Democratic Party

New Deal and Native Americans

This also improved the lives of these people, the Roosevelt administration made major changes in long-standing policies.