History of Britain

Who were the first people in Britain?

The Celts — they came from Europe, built hill-forts, and had strong tribal societies.

What did the Romans bring to Britain?

Roads, towns, writing, baths, law, and organized government.

Why did Romans leave Britain?

Their empire weakened; they had to defend Rome from attacks. too many invasions

Who invaded after the Romans left?

Angles-Saxons and Jutes

What system did Anglo-Saxons create?

they created small kingdoms called reeves and shire reeves

Who were the Vikings?

Warriors and traders from Scandinavia who raided and settled parts of Britain.

What happened to the Celts after Saxon invasion?

They were pushed to the edges — Wales, Ireland, and Scotland.

What happened in 1066?

William the Conqueror invaded and won the Battle of Hastings.

What is feudalism?

A system where land was exchanged for loyalty and military service

What was medieval life like?

Most people were peasants living in villages, working the lord’s land.

What were the Hundred Years’ War and its results?

England vs. France — many battles, heavy taxes, and national pride grew.

What was the Black Death?

a plague

Who ended the Wars of the Roses?

Henry Tudor (Henry VII) defeated Richard III at Bosworth

timeline and years

neolithic 4000 BC - 2300 BC

celts 700 BC 43 AD

Romans 55 BC 409 AD

Anglo-Saxons 410 AD - 1066

Vikings 793 AD - 1100

Normans 911 AD - 1100

The Tudors 15th - 16th century

druids

from celt period - priests who couldn’t read or write, but they memorised all the religious teachings, history, tribal laws, medicine etc

where Anglo-Saxons settled

in Scotland

small kingdoms during Anglo-Saxon invasion were called

shires

the Danelaw

Alfred the Great created this law, meaning that Vikings could stay in north and east, but only if they stop attacking

the king that Witan chose after the death of Edward the Confessor

Harold Godwinson

the duke who defeated Harold

Duke William of Normandy

where Harold was defeated?

the battle near Hastings

who established the House of Tudors?

Henry VII

the law that canncelled barons from having private armies?

Act of Livery and Maintenance

harsh punishments for all

the court of Star Chamber

the dude who had 6 wives…

Henry VIII

Henry VII’s first son and then his wife that Henry VIII married after his brother’s death? and then their only child

Arthur and Catherine of Aragon - Mary I

Henry VIII’s second wife and their daughter

Anne Boleyn and Elizabeth I

Henry VIII’s third wife that he loved

Jane Seymour and their child Edward VI

Henry VIII’s last wife

Katherine Parr

who Edward VI wanted to be the queen?

Lady Jane Grey

the period when Elizabeth I became the queen

The Golden Period

Elizabeth’s religious settlement

Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity

Elizabeth’s advisor

William Cecil