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Coping
The process of using conscious and unconscious strategies to reduce stress and solve problems
Problem-focused coping
When we address stressors directly; often used when we feel a sense of control over a situation and think we can change the circumstances, or at least change ourselves to deal with the circumstance more capably
Emotion-focused coping
Often used when we believe we cannot change a situation
Personal control
The belief that one can significantly alter events
Learned helplessness
A mental state in which a person or animal feels unable to control or change a situation, even when they have the opportunity to do so
External locus of control
The belief that external forces, rather than one’s own actions, determine the outcomes of situations
Internal locus of control
The belief that a person’s actions and personal decisions guide their life outcomes
Self-control
The ability to control impulses and delay short-term gratification for longer-term rewards
Aerobic exercise
Sustained, oxygen-consuming exertion
Mindfulness meditation
The practice of relaxing and silently attending to your inner state, without judging it
Feel-good, do-good phenomenon
The idea that doing good deeds helps boost your mood
Positive psychology
Using scientific methods to study human flourishing
Subjective well-being
A person’s perception and evaluation of their life, including their emotional reactions and cognitive judgments
Adaptation-level phenomenon
The idea that we adjust our “natural” levels - the points at which sounds seem neither loud nor soft, temperatures neither hot nor cold, events neither pleasant nor unpleasant - based on our experiences
Relative deprivation
The phenomenon that when comparing ourselves to others, believing that others have more friends or are more socially successful makes us feel worse
