Cells and Tissues

Vocabulary flashcards based on the lecture notes covering cells and tissues.

Cell Metabolism

The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms, involving energy use and synthesis of molecules.

Epithelial Tissue

A type of tissue that covers body surfaces and lines cavities, serving functions such as protection and secretion.

Histology

The study of tissues and their structures under the microscope.

Avascular

A condition in which tissue or an organ does not contain blood vessels.

Innervated

Supplied with nerves; indicated that a tissue is connected to the nervous system.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

A single layer of flat cells that allows for rapid movement and diffusion. Located in alveoli, kidney glomeruli and serous membrane of pleura, pericardium and peritoneum

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Multiple layers of flat cells that protect against abrasion and water loss. 2 types of keratinise(sole of foot, palm of hand and skin) and non keratinised (vagina, anus, mouth and oesophagus)

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

A single layer of cells of varying heights; functions in secretion and movement, often ciliated. Found in pharynx, trachea and male sperm carrying duct

Connective Tissue

A type of tissue that supports, binds together, and protects other tissues and organs.

Adipocytes

Fat cells that store energy and provide cushioning.

Chondrocytes

Cells found in cartilage that maintain its matrix and structure.

Osteocytes

Bone cells that maintain bone tissue and can communicate with other bone cells.

Neurons

Nerve cells that have the ability to produce and conduct electrical signals.

Neuroglia

Supporting cells in the nervous system that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons.

Matrix

Extracellular material that surrounds and supports the cells within a tissue.

Keratinized Epithelium

Epithelial tissue with keratin, providing waterproof protection.

Non-Keratinized Epithelium

Epithelial tissue that does not contain keratin, providing a moist protective surface.

Connective Tissue Proper

A type of connective tissue that includes loose and dense connective tissues.

Elastic Fiber

A connective tissue fiber that allows tissue to stretch and recoil.

Fibroblasts

Cells in connective tissue that produce fibers and ground substance.

Macrophages

Immune cells that engulf and digest foreign substances and cellular debris.