Exam #2: Reproduction in Farm Animals, The Digestive System & Animal Nutrition

The incubation period for chicken eggs is ___.

21

___ is the average length of the estrous cycle in the ewe and ___ is the average length of the estrous cycle in the sow.

17 and 28 days

Advances in AI (Artificial insemination) permits livestock producers to use outstanding sites for genetic improvement and to control reproductive diseases in their herds.

True

The release of the ovum in cows or ova in sows is often referred to as ____.

Ovulation

The incubation period for turkey eggs is ___.

28

In our class discussion the funnel like structure that catches the ova as this are released form the ovary of a sow during ovulation is known as the:

Infundibulum

The scar tissue(s) left in the ovary after ovulation occurs in either cow or sow reproductive tracts is/are known as ___.

Corpus lutea

In the sexually mature boar or bull ___ cells are involved in the generation of spermatozoa.

Semineferous tubules

Ovarian functions occur in a cyclic manner following puberty. This cyclic nature of events is known as the:

Estrous cycle

The hormone in the female animal that causes the cessation of pregnancy or triggers parturition is ___.

PGF2ä

Only the right ovary is functional in producing an ovum in the avian species because the left ovary atrophies.

False

The ovum is enclosed in a fluid filled cavity during development. This structure on the ovary is known as the ___.

Follicle

___ is the length of gestation in the cow

282 days

___ is the reproductive technique or process used to control the estrous cycle so that female animals in the her are in estrus at the same time

Estrus synchronization

___ and ___ are considered technological advances in reproduction:

A and B above

___ is the length of gestation in the ewe or doe

150 days

___ is the hormone secreted by the female reproductive tract that causes sexual excitability in cows, ewes, sows, etc.

Estrogen

___ is the length of the gestation in the sow

114 days

Fertilization occurs in the oviduct in the female reproductive tract because during estrus conditions in the Fallopian tube are suitable for fertilization to occur

True

In the sexually mature gilt or heifer ___ cells are involved in the production of the female secondary sex hormone estrogen

Graafian follicle

___ is the length of the gestation in the mare

335 days

Which major hormone of produced by testicular cells that is responsible for male secondary sex characteristics

Testosterone

Is the meiotic process that relies in the development of the sperm in make farm animals

Spermatogenesis

The hormigone on the female animals that stimulates follicular development is ___

FSH

Artificial Insemination (AI) a technology in animal reproduction allows for extensive use of outstanding sires for genetic improvement. AI is primarily used for genetic improvement in the beef industry than in the dairy industry

False

Ovarian functions occur in a cyclic manner following puberty. The period of time when the animal shows signs of sexual receptivity is referred to in reproductive physiology as:

Estrus

The groom one that is produce by corpus outrun and functions in preventing estrus during pregnancy is known as:

Progesterone

Factors affecting sperm production are numerous in animal production. Which of the following factors would be considered a hereditary factor that affects sperm production

Cryptorchids

Sperm stored in the oviduct it is capable of fertilizing eggs for up to 30 days in turkeys and 10 days in chickens

True

In male birds (chickens) the resolves are retained in the abdomen even after they are hatched. The following statement(s) is(are) true about male birds at sexual maturity

A and C above

A cryptorchid is an animal whose testicles do not drop into the scrotal sacs at birth. A cryptorchid bull will typically be able to produce spermatozoa that is viable and will fertilize an ovum of the ejaculate is used (though AI) to mate a cow

False

In the sexually mature boar or bull ___ is the site of sperm Nell maturation and storage in the testicle

Epididymis

The hormone in the female animal that triggers ovulation the ovum or ova from the ovary is ___

LH

Which principal hormones are involved in brining about successful parturition?

Prolactin and oxytocin

Factors affecting sperm production are numerous in animal production. Which of the followed factors would be considered an environmental factors that affects sperm production

A and C above

___ is the hormones secreted by the female reproductive tract that causes sexual excitability on cows, ewes, sows, etc.

Estrogen

The primary organ of the female reproductive system produces ____ and ____, while the primary organ of the male reproductive system produces ____ and ___

Ova & estrogen and spermatozoa & testosterone

In our class discussion, the funnel like structure that catches the ova as they are released from the ovary of a sow during ovulation is known as the:

infundibulum

___ is the reproductive technique or process used to allow the cow to produce more ova during the estrus cycle so that their cow in the herd can be mated to produce multiple embryos for embryo transfer

Superovulation

The anatomy and the ability to produce and offspring is quite different in birds as compared to mammals:

True

___ is the meiotic process that results in the development of an ovum in the cow

Oogenesis

The increase in performance often observed in the crossbred progeny over the average performance of their parents is often referred to in genetics as:

Hybrid vigor

In the sexually mature boar or bull ___ cells are involved in the production of the male secondary sex hormone testosterone

Leydig cells

Reproductive efficiency in farm animals is measured by the number of _____

All of the above

In the sexually mature boar or bull ____ cells are involved in the generation of seminal fluids to add volume to spermatozoa

Seminal vesicles

Reproductive efficiency is a trait of great economic importance in farm animal production. To increase performance you as a future manager of an animal production unit must:

A and B above

Your animal science instructor in a discussion about inducing the parturition process in domestic animals (cows, sows, does, etc.) indicated that women of child bearing age working in on a farm should never be allowed to handle the following product used in the parturition inducing process:

Lutalyse

Which of the following domesticated fame animals are known to be seasonally polyestrus?

Mare and ewe

In livestock production what is the reason given by producers for castrating male animals that are raised and sold as meat

All of the above are correct

What major hormone is produces by the cells of the Graafian follicle

Estrogen

In which of the following livestock industries is artificial insemination (AI) used the most?

Dairy cattle industry

List the four phases of the estrous cycle in the proper sequence of the estrus cycle events

Proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus

What so the main function of the placenta in the cow reproductive system?

Housing and protection of the developing fetus

In animal reproduction, the advantages of the technologies of multiple ovulations, estrus synchronization, embryo sexing and transplantation is the increased production of bull calves in beef cattle and increased production of heifer calves in dairy cattle

True

Which one of the follows structures relaxes the sigmoidal flexure of the bull to straighten during mating and ejaculation

Retractor flexure muscle

Many environmental and hereditary factors affect fertility in both sides and dams; however, hereditary factors are usually temporary while environmental factors are usually permanent

False

___ is term used to refer to the force that moves food after swallowing throughout he animal's gastrointestinal tract (digestive system)

Peristalsis

Which of the following enzymes is involved in protein digestion in the mono gastric animal's gastrointestinal tract?

Pepsin

Is the end product of protein digestion in the mono gastric animal's gastrointestinal tract

Amino acids

____ is the end product of carbohydrate digestion in the mono gastric animal's gastrointestinal tract ?

Glucose

___ and ___ respectively are the active sites of digestion and nutrient absorption in the mono gastric animal's gastrointestinal tract?

Duodenum and jejunum

In the video viewed in lab this semester, the veal producers in the video monitored ___ in the calves because of the feel that is fed to the calves

Iron levels

In a discussion at the pioneer swine center during the farm tour as well as in a video viewed in lab, your instructor as well as the swine producer indicated that in a swine farm there are two different environmental practices in the farrowing house. Which one of the following statements is true?

A warm environment for the piglets and cool environment for the sows