WFC134L: Caudata/Gymnophiona

0.0(0)
Studied by 20 people
call kaiCall Kai
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
GameKnowt Play
Card Sorting

1/43

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

wfc134L

Herpetology

Caudata

Caecelians

Salamanders

Newts

California

44 Terms

1
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>Tip of NW Cali Coast</p></li><li><p><strong>15 coastal groove</strong></p></li><li><p>5 hind toes</p></li><li><p>lack labial grooves</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Tip of NW Cali Coast

  • 15 coastal groove

  • 5 hind toes

  • lack labial grooves


Plethodontidae
Plethodon dunni
Dunn’s Salamander


<p>Plethodontidae<br>Plethodon dunni<br>Dunn’s Salamander</p><p></p>
2
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>Introduced (Scattered around Cali)</p></li><li><p><strong>Yellow bars</strong></p></li><li><p>flatish head</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Introduced (Scattered around Cali)

  • Yellow bars

  • flatish head


Ambystomatidae
Ambystoma mavortium
Western Tiger Salamander

<p>Ambystomatidae<br>Ambystoma mavortium<br>Western Tiger Salamander</p>
3
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>4th long toe on hind</strong></p></li><li><p>yellow/tan dorsal</p></li><li><p>Sierra/North cali</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • 4th long toe on hind

  • yellow/tan dorsal

  • Sierra/North cali


Ambystomatidae
Ambystoma macrodactylum
Long-toed Salamander

<p>Ambystomatidae<br>Ambystoma macrodactylum<br>Long-toed Salamander</p>
4
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>Uniform color</p></li><li><p><strong>Large parotoid glands</strong></p></li><li><p>Defined costal grooves</p></li><li><p>NW coastal Cali</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Uniform color

  • Large parotoid glands

  • Defined costal grooves

  • NW coastal Cali


Ambystomatidae
Ambystoma gracile
Northwestern Salamander

<p>Ambystomatidae<br>Ambystoma gracile<br>Northwestern Salamander</p>
5
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>rough skin</p></li><li><p>eyes doesn’t bulge</p></li><li><p><strong>Ventral color doesn’t reach eye</strong></p></li><li><p>Eye is not lighter color</p></li><li><p>Green eyes</p></li><li><p>NW Cali</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • rough skin

  • eyes doesn’t bulge

  • Ventral color doesn’t reach eye

  • Eye is not lighter color

  • Green eyes

  • NW Cali


Salamandridae
Taricha granulosa
Rough-Skinned Newt

<p>Salamandridae<br>Taricha granulosa<br>Rough-Skinned Newt</p>
6
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>Lighter color eyelids</p></li><li><p>Green eyes</p></li><li><p>Budgey eyes</p></li><li><p><strong>Dorsal color doesn’t touch eyelid</strong></p></li><li><p>Coastal Bay/SoCal</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Lighter color eyelids

  • Green eyes

  • Budgey eyes

  • Dorsal color doesn’t touch eyelid

  • Coastal Bay/SoCal


Salamandridae
Taricha torosa
California Newt

<p>Salamandridae<br>Taricha torosa<br>California Newt</p>
7
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>Bulgey eyes</p></li><li><p>Dorsal coloration doesn’t pass eyelid</p></li><li><p>Green eyes</p></li><li><p><strong>Sierra mountain</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Bulgey eyes

  • Dorsal coloration doesn’t pass eyelid

  • Green eyes

  • Sierra mountain


Salamandridae
Taricha sierrae
Sierra Newt

<p>Salamandridae<br>Taricha sierrae<br>Sierra Newt</p>
8
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>Dark eyes</p></li><li><p>Ventral is brighter color </p></li><li><p><strong>Dorsal coloration stops mid eye</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>mid NW Cali</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Dark eyes

  • Ventral is brighter color

  • Dorsal coloration stops mid eye

  • mid NW Cali


Salamandridae
Taricha rivularis
Red-Bellied Newt

<p>Salamandridae<br>Taricha rivularis<br>Red-Bellied Newt</p>
9
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ring species</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Constricted tail</strong></p></li><li><p>newt mimic </p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Ring species

  • Constricted tail

  • newt mimic


Plethodontidae
Ensatina eschscholtzii
Ensatina

<p>Plethodontidae<br>Ensatina eschscholtzii<br>Ensatina</p>
10
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>GIANT in US</p></li><li><p><strong>Bay Area</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>mottling on chin</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • GIANT in US

  • Bay Area

  • mottling on chin


Dicamptodontidae
Dicamptodon ensatus
California Giant Salamander

<p>Dicamptodontidae<br>Dicamptodon ensatus<br>California Giant Salamander</p>
11
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>NW Cali</strong></p></li><li><p>Larvae form only rip</p></li><li><p><strong>no mottling on chin</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • NW Cali

  • Larvae form only rip

  • no mottling on chin


Dicamptodontidae
Dicamptodon tenebrosus
Coastal giant salamander

<p>Dicamptodontidae<br>Dicamptodon tenebrosus<br>Coastal giant salamander</p>
12
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Square vent</strong></p></li></ul><ul><li><p>spots on belly</p></li><li><p>NW Coast Cali</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Square vent

  • spots on belly

  • NW Coast Cali


Rhyacotritonidae
Rhyacotriton variegatus
Southern Torrent Salamander

<p>Rhyacotritonidae<br>Rhyacotriton variegatus<br>Southern Torrent Salamander</p>
13
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Smoll</strong></p></li><li><p>short tail</p></li><li><p><strong>webbed</strong></p></li><li><p>Tiny area in central Cali</p></li><li><p>nasolabial + costal groove</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Smoll

  • short tail

  • webbed

  • Tiny area in central Cali

  • nasolabial + costal groove


Plethodontidae
Hydromantes brunus
Limestone Salamander

<p>Plethodontidae<br>Hydromantes brunus<br>Limestone Salamander</p>
14
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Slender and loNGG</strong></p></li><li><p>tiny legs</p></li><li><p><strong>4 toes on hind</strong></p></li><li><p>nasolabial + costal groove</p></li><li><p>Coastal NW-Bay + Central</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Slender and loNGG

  • tiny legs

  • 4 toes on hind

  • nasolabial + costal groove

  • Coastal NW-Bay + Central


Plethodontidae
Batrachoseps attenuatus
California slender salamander

<p>Plethodontidae<br>Batrachoseps attenuatus<br>California slender salamander</p>
15
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>longer limbs</strong></p></li><li><p>less slender</p></li><li><p>South central Cali</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • longer limbs

  • less slender

  • South central Cali


Plethodontidae
Batrachoseps robustus
Kern Plateau Slender Salamander

<p>Plethodontidae<br>Batrachoseps robustus<br>Kern Plateau Slender Salamander</p>
16
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>4 front/ 5 hind toes</p></li><li><p>mottled/speckled</p></li><li><p><strong>square toes</strong></p></li><li><p>NW Coastal Cali</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • 4 front/ 5 hind toes

  • mottled/speckled

  • square toes

  • NW Coastal Cali


Plethodontidae
Aneides vagrans
Wandering salamander

<p>Plethodontidae<br>Aneides vagrans<br>Wandering salamander</p>
17
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Triangle head</strong></p></li><li><p>Square toes</p></li><li><p>Costal grooves defined</p></li><li><p>spotted</p></li><li><p>Coastal Cali + Central</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Triangle head

  • Square toes

  • Costal grooves defined

  • spotted

  • Coastal Cali + Central


Plethodontidae
Aneides lugubris
Arboreal Salamander

<p>Plethodontidae<br>Aneides lugubris<br>Arboreal Salamander</p>
18
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p>Nasolabial + costal grooves</p></li><li><p><strong>Dark</strong></p></li><li><p>Triangle head</p></li><li><p>slightly less square toes</p></li><li><p>NW Coast Cali</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • Nasolabial + costal grooves

  • Dark

  • Triangle head

  • slightly less square toes

  • NW Coast Cali


Plethodontidae
Aneides flavipunctatus
Black Salamander

<p>Plethodontidae<br>Aneides flavipunctatus<br>Black Salamander</p>
19
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>18 costal grooves</strong></p></li><li><p>4 front, 5 hind toes</p></li><li><p>Top NW Cali Coast</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • 18 costal grooves

  • 4 front, 5 hind toes

  • Top NW Cali Coast


Plethodontidae
Plethodon elongatus
Del Norte Salamander


<p>Plethodontidae<br>Plethodon elongatus<br>Del Norte Salamander</p><p></p>
20
New cards
<p>Family and Genus + Species?</p><ul><li><p><strong>yellow/white spots</strong></p></li><li><p>Costal grooves</p></li><li><p>bay area/central</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family and Genus + Species?

  • yellow/white spots

  • Costal grooves

  • bay area/central


Ambystomatidae
Ambystoma californiense
California Tiger Salamander


<p>Ambystomatidae<br>Ambystoma californiense<br>California Tiger Salamander</p><p></p>
21
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>No hind limbs</strong></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><strong>Paedomorphic</strong></p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species (less than)</p></li><li><p>Southern US</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • No hind limbs

  • Paedomorphic

  • >10 species (less than)

  • Southern US


Sirenidae

<p>Sirenidae</p>
22
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>Western Coast US</p></li></ul><ul><li><p><strong>Square vent</strong></p></li></ul><ul><li><p>&gt;10 species (less than)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Western Coast US

  • Square vent

  • >10 species (less than)


Rhyacotritonidae


<p>Rhyacotritonidae</p><p></p>
23
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>4 limbs</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Paedomorphic</strong></p></li><li><p>East US, some areas in the East</p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species (less than)</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • 4 limbs

  • Paedomorphic

  • East US, some areas in the East

  • >10 species (less than)


Proteidae


<p>Proteidae</p><p></p>
24
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>whole US</p></li><li><p><strong>robust</strong></p></li><li><p>smooth</p></li><li><p>~30 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • whole US

  • robust

  • smooth

  • ~30 species


Ambystomatidae


<p>Ambystomatidae</p><p></p>
25
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>rough/smooth skin</p></li><li><p>~100 species</p></li><li><p><strong>brightly colored</strong></p></li><li><p>US/England/Asia</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • rough/smooth skin

  • ~100 species

  • brightly colored

  • US/England/Asia


Salamandridae


<p>Salamandridae</p><p></p>
26
New cards
<p>Order + Family</p><ul><li><p><strong>rings</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>snake/worm like</strong></p></li><li><p>~200 species</p></li><li><p>Pantropical areas</p></li></ul><p></p>

Order + Family

  • rings

  • snake/worm like

  • ~200 species

  • Pantropical areas


Gymnophiona, Caecilians

27
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>typical terrestrial body</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>~100 species</p></li><li><p>Asia</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • typical terrestrial body

  • ~100 species

  • Asia


Hynobiidae (prob not exam cus broken tail)


<p>Hynobiidae (prob not exam cus broken tail)</p><p></p>
28
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p>China/Japan, Eastern US</p></li><li><p><strong>HUGEEEE and baggy</strong></p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species</p></li><li><p><strong>Paedomorphic</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • China/Japan, Eastern US

  • HUGEEEE and baggy

  • >10 species

  • Paedomorphic


Cryptobranchidae


29
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Mottled</strong></p></li><li><p>West Coast US/ Montana</p></li><li><p>&gt;10 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Mottled

  • West Coast US/ Montana

  • >10 species


Dicamptodontidae

<p>Dicamptodontidae</p>
30
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>4 TINY LIMBS</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>no gill frills</strong></p></li><li><p>SE US</p></li><li><p>&gt; 10 species</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • 4 TINY LIMBS

  • no gill frills

  • SE US

  • > 10 species


Amphiumidae

<p>Amphiumidae</p>
31
New cards
<p>Family?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Nasolabial groove</strong></p></li><li><p>~500 species</p></li><li><p>N/S America/ Greece</p></li></ul><p></p>

Family?

  • Nasolabial groove

  • ~500 species

  • N/S America/ Greece


Plethodontidae

<p>Plethodontidae</p>
32
New cards
<p>Salamandridae range?</p>

Salamandridae range?

Red: granulosa
Green: sierrae
Blue: torosa
Orange: rivularis

33
New cards
<p>Which ambystomatidae range?</p>

Which ambystomatidae range?

TL: californiense
TR: mavortium
BL: macrodactylum
BR: gracile

34
New cards
<p>Which plethodontidae range?</p>

Which plethodontidae range?

Hydromantes brunus

35
New cards
<p>Dicamptodontidae range?</p>

Dicamptodontidae range?

L: ensatus
R: tenebrosus

36
New cards

What is it called when a newt shows its belly as a defense mechanism?

Unken reflex

<p>Unken reflex</p>
37
New cards

Explain what a ring species is and which species has it?

Ensatina escscholtzii

Connected species of neighboring populations that can interbreed with each other. If the populations are further away from each other, they cannot interbreed with each other.

38
New cards

What kind of care do they receive if they are external fertilizers?

Paternal care

39
New cards

What kind of care do they receive if they are internal fertilizers?

Maternal care

40
New cards

Name a family that are internal fertilizers?

Plethodontidae

41
New cards

Name a family that are external fertilizers?

Hynobiidae

42
New cards

What are unique about caecelians?

  • tentacles

  • ring like (annuli)

  • heavy ossified skull

  • internal fertilization


43
New cards

Rank these from most to least species

  • Hynobiidae

  • Plethodontidae

  • Dicamptodontidae

  • Ambystomatidae


Plethodontidae, Hynobiidae, Amybstomatidae, Dicamptodontidae

44
New cards

Name an invasive species of caudata

Ambystoma mavortium
Western tiger salamander