Week 5🔸Nature & Environment

getaway

a short trip or escape to rest and recharge, often in nature

coastline

the edge of land along the sea

be cut off

to be separated from people or communication, e.g. no internet or access

smog

polluted air made of smoke and fog, common in big cities

fumes

strong, often harmful smoke, usually from cars or chemicals

humid

when the air is hot and damp, making your hair frizzy or skin sticky

nest

a structure built by birds or insects to lay eggs

graze

when animals eat grass in a field

hail

small hard balls of ice that fall from the sky during a storm

green belt

protected land around a city where building is not allowed, kept for nature or farming

look ahead

to think about or plan for the future with anticipation

run out of sth

to use or lose all of sth (energy, time, money, etc.)

replenish

to fill up or restore sth that was used up

scare away

to frighten sb or sth so they go away

be green around the gills

to look or feel ill, pale or nauseous

tip of the iceberg

a small visible part of a much bigger hidden problem

beat around the bush

to avoid talking about what is important

be at the mercy of nature

to be powerless against natural forces or conditions

landfill site

an area of land where rubbish is buried

use up

to consume completely so that nothing is left

water / food scarcity

a lack of enough clean water or food supply

leave no stone unturned

to try every possible way to achieve sth

mitigate

to make sth less harmful, unpleasant, or serious

be walking / skating on thin ice

to be in a dangerous situation

domesticated

adapted to live with humans instead of in the wild

fertile (land)

rich in nutrients, where plants grow easily

breed

when animals mate and produce young

species

a group of living things that share similar characteristics and can reproduce together

food chain

the natural order of who eats and is eaten in nature

biodiversity

the variety in an ecosystem

habitat

the natural environment where a plant or animal lives and grows

die out

to become extinct or disappear completely