Chapter 14 Female Reproductive System

female

Gyneco-

Prefix meaning 'woman' or 'female.'

Salping-

Prefix relating to the fallopian tube.

Apoptosis

Programmed cell death, a natural process of eliminating cells.

Salpingitis

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes.

PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)

Infection of the female reproductive organs, often caused by STIs.

Endometriosis

Condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus.

Ectopic pregnancy

Pregnancy in which the embryo implants outside the uterus, commonly in a fallopian tube.

Dysmenorrhea

Painful menstrual cramps.

Menorrhagia

Abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.

Surfactant

Substance that reduces surface tension in the lungs, vital for newborn breathing.

Axillary

Pertaining to the armpit.

Contraception

Methods used to prevent pregnancy.

Gynecomastia

Enlargement of breast tissue in males.

Minus

Refers to 'less' or 'deficient.'

Metrorrhagia

Uterine bleeding at irregular times, not related to menstruation.

Pap (Pap smear/test)

Screening test for cervical cancer by examining cervical cells.

Mastalgia

Breast pain or tenderness.

Gravida

A pregnant woman; number of times a woman has been pregnant.

Mastectomy

Surgical removal of one or both breasts.

Ectopic

Located in an abnormal position or place.

Amenorrhea

Absence of menstrual periods.

Hysterectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus.

Dys-

Prefix meaning 'difficult,' 'painful,' or 'abnormal.'

Premenstrual

Occurring before the onset of menstruation.

Fibrocystic disease

Benign condition with lumpy, painful breasts due to cysts and fibrous tissue.

Dyspareunia

Painful sexual intercourse.

Autolysis

Self-digestion or self-destruction of cells/tissues.

Postpartum

Referring to the period after childbirth.

Premature

Occurring before the expected time, especially in reference to birth before 37 weeks.

Primipara

A woman who has given birth once.

Fibroadenoma

Benign (noncancerous) breast tumor made of fibrous and glandular tissue.

Mammography

X-ray imaging technique to screen for breast abnormalities.

Genetics

Study of heredity and variation in organisms.

Mastitis

Inflammation of breast tissue, often due to infection while breastfeeding.

Effacement

Thinning and shortening of the cervix during labor.

Puerperium

Period after childbirth when the uterus and body return to non-pregnant state.

Episiotomy

Surgical incision made in the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening during childbirth.

Neonatal

Pertaining to the newborn, typically the first 28 days after birth.