Unit 5; fallacies

Ad Hominem

Ad Hominem

the argument attacks the character or motives of the person making the argument, rather than addressing the substance of the argument itself.

Straw Man

the argument misrepresents or oversimplifies an opponent's position in order to make it easier to refute.

False Dilemma

the argument presents only two options when there are actually more available choices.

Appeal to Authority

the argument relies solely on the opinion of an authority figure, without providing additional evidence or reasoning.

Hasty Generalization

the argument draws a broad conclusion based on insufficient evidence or a small sample size.

Circular Reasoning

the argument uses the conclusion as one of its premises, essentially restating the same idea without providing additional support.

Appeal to Emotion

the argument relies on emotional manipulation rather than logical reasoning to persuade the audience.

False Cause

the argument incorrectly asserts that one event caused another without sufficient evidence to support the causal relationship.

Appeal to Ignorance

the argument claims that a proposition is true simply because it has not been proven false, or vice versa.

Bandwagon Fallacy

the argument asserts that something must be true or good because it is popular or widely accepted.