ad hominem
an attack on the person/character of this person instead of the argument
ad populum
appeals to the popularity of the claim
begging the question
assumes the claim is true
circular reasoning
restates the argument without proving it
false analogy
based on a misleading comparison
hasty generalization
based on insufficient evidence
non-sequitur
when a conclusion doesn’t follow its claims; sequential
post hoc ergo propter hoc
when it is assumed that one thing caused another
red herring
a diversion/ distraction
slippery slope
exaggeration
straw man
oversimplifying an opponent’s argument