NPTEFF UE & LE Nerves

What are the nerve roots of suprascapular nn?

C5-C6

What nerve innervates infraspinatus mm?

Suprascapular nn

What nerve innervates supraspinatus mm?

Suprascapular nn

Muscle action of infraspinatus

Lateral/external rotation & abduction of arm

Muscle action of supraspinatus

Shoulder abduction up to 15 deg

What nerve roots make up the subscapular nn?

C5-C6

What nerve innervates the teres major mm?

Subscapular nn

What nerve innervates the subscapularis mm?

Subscapular nn

Teres major muscle action

Shoulder medial/internal rotation, extension, adduction (baby lat)

Subscapularis muscle action

Shoulder medial/internal rotation (when arm at side), adduction

What nerve roots make up the lateral pectoral nn?

C5-C7

What nerve innervates the pectoralis major mm?

Lateral pectoral nn

Pectoralis major muscle action

Medial/internal rotation, adduction, horizontal adduction, scapular protraction, depression

-Clavicular fibers: shoulder flex

-Sternocostal fibers: shoulder ext

What nerve roots make up the medial pectoral nn?

C8, T1

What nerve innervates pectoralis minor?

Medial pectoral nn

Pectoralis minor muscle action

Downward rotation of scapula, scapular protraction, depression

What nerve roots make up the long thoracic nn?

C5, C6, C7

What nerve innervates serratus anterior?

Long thoracic nn

Serratus anterior muscle action

Upward rotation of scapula, scapular protraction, depression

Injury to long thoracic nerve can cause...

Winged scapula

What nerve roots make up thoracodorsal nn?

C6-C8

What nerve innervate latissimus dorsi?

Thoracodorsal nn

Latissimus dorsi muscle action

Shoulder ext, adduction, medial/internal rotation, depression and protraction of scapula

What nerve root makes up the dorsal scapular nn?

C5

What nerve innervates rhomboid major & minor?

Dorsal scapular nerve

What nerve innervates levator scapulae?

Dorsal scapular nerve

Rhomboid major & minor muscle action

Scapular elevation, retraction, downward rotation

Levator scapulae muscle action

Scapular elevation, downward rotation

What nerve roots innervate the subclavius mm?

C5-C6

Subclavius muscle action

Depress & stabilize clavicle

What muscles allow scapular elevation? (3)

Upper trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboids

What muscles allow scapular protraction? (3)

Serratus anterior, pectoralis minor & major

What muscles allow scapular depression? (5)

Serratus anterior, pectoralis minor & major, lower trapezius, latissimus dorsi

What muscles allow scapular retraction? (2)

Trapezius, rhomboids

What muscles allow scapular downward rotation? (3)

Levator scapulae, rhomboids, pectoralis minor

What muscles allows scapular upward rotation? (2)

Serratus anterior, trapezius (upper & lower)

What nerve root innervates spinal accessory nn?

CN XI

What nerve innervates trapezius mm?

Spinal accessory nn

What nerve innervates sternocleidomastoid mm?

Spinal accessory nn

Trapezius muscle action

Upper - scapular elevation

Middle - retraction

Lower - depression

Upper & lower- upward rotation

Sternocleidomastoid muscle action

Cervical lateral flexion and opposite side rotation

What nerve roots supply the superior gluteal nn?

L4-S1

What nerve innervates glute med & min?

Superior gluteal nn

What nerve innervates tensor fascia latae?

Superior gluteal nn

Muscle action of glute med

Abd of hip

Assist in medial/internal rotation and lateral/external rotation of hip

Glute min muscle action

Abduction of hip

TFL muscle action

Flexion, abd, & medial/internal rotation of hip

What nerve roots supply inferior gluteal nn?

L5-S2

What nerve innervates glute max?

Inferior gluteal nn

Glute max muscle actions

Hip ext & ER

Sec action: hip adduction

What nerve roots innervate piriformis mm?

L5-S2

Piriformis muscle action

Abd & lateral/external rotation of hip

What nerve roots supply obturator nerve?

L2-L4

What muscles are innervated by obturator nerve? (5)

Adductor longus. adductor brevis, gracilis, obturator externus. adductor magnus

Muscle action of adductor longus & brevis

Hip adduction & medial/internal rotation

Muscle action of gracilis

Hip flex, medial/internal rotation, adduction

Muscle action of obturator externus

Hip lateral/external rotation & adduction

Muscle action of adductor magnus

Adduction, ext, medial/internal rotation

What nerve supplies sensory innervation to skin of medial thigh?

Obturator nerve

What nerve roots supply the gemellus inferior & quadratus femoris?

L4-S1

Muscle action of gemellus inferior

Hip ER

Quadratus femoris muscle action

Hip ER & add

What nerve roots supply gemellus superior & obturator internus

L5-S2

Gemellus superior & obturator internus muscle action

Hip ER

What muscles are innervated by the sciatic nn? (4)

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, adductor magnus

What nerve roots make up the sciatic nerve?

L4-S3

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, & semimembranosus muscle action

Knee flexion, hip extension, and ER of flexed leg in non-weight bearing

What is sciatica?

Herniated disc or bone spur that compresses the sciatic nerve and causes radiating pain

What is piriformis syndrome?

Piriformis spasm or tightness compresses the sciatic nerve

What nerve roots make up the femoral nerve?

L2-4

What muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve? (5)

Iliacus, pectineus, sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus medialis/inermedius/lateralis

Iliacus muscle action

Hip flexion

Works w/ psoas major & minor

Pectineus muscle action

Hip flex, add, internal rotation

Sartorius muscle action

Hip flex, abd, ER, knee flex

Rectus femoris muscle action

Knee ext & hip flex

Vastus medialis/intermedius/lateralis muscle action

Knee ext

What are the 3 sensory branches of the femoral nerve?

Medial cutaneous nerve of the thigh, intermediate cutaneous nerve of the thigh, saphenous nerve (medial thigh and lower leg)

What nerve roots make up the tibial nerve?

L4-S3 (terminal branch of sciatic nerve)

What superficial muscle are innervated by the tibial nerve? (3)

Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

What deep muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve? (4)

Popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus

Main muscle action of gastroc, soleus, plantaris mm's

Plantarflexion (gastroc - knee flexion)

What nerve is compressed with tarsal tunnel syndrome?

Posterior tibial nn

What is the main sensory branch from the tibial nerve?

Sural nerve

What nerve roots make up the common peroneal nerve?

L4-S2 (from sciatic nerve @ popliteal fossa)

What are the 2 branches of the common peroneal nerve?

Superficial peroneal nn & deep peroneal nn

What muscles are innervated by the deep peroneal nn? (5)

Tibialis ant, EHL, EDL, EDB, peroneus tertius

Tibialis anterior muscle action

Dorsiflexion, inversion

Peroneus tertius muscle action

Dorsiflexion eversion

What would injury to the deep peroneal nerve cause?

Foot drop and unopposed eversion during gait

What muscles are innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve? (2)

Peroneus longus & brevis

Peroneus longus & brevis muscle action

Plantarflexion & eversion

What nerve roots make up the axillary nerve?

C5-C6

What muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve? (2)

Teres minor & deltoid

Teres minor muscle action

Shoulder ER, ext, abd, horizontal abd

Deltoid muscle action

Ant: Shoulder IR, flex, & horizontal add

Post: Shoulder ER, ext, & horizontal abd

Middle: Powerful shoulder abd

Causes of axillary nerve injury

Dislocation of shoulder & fracture of surgical neck of humerus

What nerve injury would result in "square shoulder"

Axillary nerve injury

What nerve roots make up the radial nerve?

C5-8,T1

What muscle does the radial nerve pass under and where it divides into superficial and deep branches

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

What muscles of the arm are innervated by the radial nerve? (3)

Triceps, anconeus, brachipradialis