Microbiology 201 Exam 4 (final) ISU Nick Peters

nonkeratinized epidermis is tough

false

keratinized is tough

Sebaceous secretions

low pH (acidic)

inhibite some microbes

Sweat

defense

low pH

Enzyme in sweat, tears, saliva

Lysozome

Staph epidermidis

normal skin flora

Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

Cause skin infections

Impetigo is deep infection

False

superficial infection

invasion of dermal and subcutaneous laters

cellulitis

Cellulitis cannot be treated with antibiotics

false

S. aureus

causes scalded skin syndrom

Infants usually dont get a secondary infection

false

scalded skin syndrome in untreatable

False

can be treated with antibiotics

mucociliary escalator

traps mucous

Normal flora

strep pyo

staph aur

strep pneu

neiss mening

Staphyoccocus aureus

commonly found on skin, nasal passages

MRSA

threat of commmunity-acquired is rising

3,000-49,000 death in U.S. per year

Flu is responsible for

65 + and babies

susceptible to die from flue

strep pyogenes &

staph aures

flesh eating

can progress rapidly

toxic shock

flu vaccine

most commonly made from eggs

necrotizing fasciitis

a severe infection caused by Group A strep bacteria

pathogens produce toxins and enzymes that

digests connective tissue

cytokine storm

overreaction of the body's immune system

Spanish Flu

Pandemic that spread around the world in 1918, killing more than 50 million people

H1N1

easily spread

HA

hemaglutton protein.

Binds sialic

antigenic drift

very small, little changes that happen all the time to HA and NA

why we need flu vaccine

Antigenic Shift

major change in influenza virus antigen due to gene reassortment

Pneumonia

Cause by bacteria OR virus

tuberculosis

active fast (not easily identified as gram + or -)

alot of lipids

Tuberculosis has high infectious dose

false

Tubercuosis can divide and multiply within nuetrophils

false, macrophages do this

Mannophosphoinisitide & mycolic acid

part of mycobacteria membrane

tuberculosis is generally only chronic

false, it can be latent as well

Tuberculosis can be treated with 1 antibiotic in a month

False, 3 and taken for years

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

causes John's intestinal disease

1/2 of world's population harbors TB bacteria

False, 1/3

Whooping cough is gram positive, circular

false

Whooping cough is not contagious and doesn't need antibiotics

false

Whooping cause bacteria

Bordetella pertussis

bordetella pertussis

gram negative

attaches to host cell

contains LPS with strange structure

Common Cold

Rhinovirus

There are over 100 strains of Rhinovirus which cause multiple symptoms at one

True

STDs

Women suffer most

gonorrhea

non-motile

transmitted at birth

only affects openings

gonorrhea doesn't threaten fertility

false

Chlamydia

Caused by gram negative bacteria

Penicillin is an efficient antibiotic for chlamydia

False

there is no peplynoglycan to be targeted in Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria

Genital Herpes

can be asymptomatic

HSV-1 is common (cold sores)

HSV-2 is genital

Genital herpes is DNA based

true

Genital Herpes is not like Gonorrhea and cannot be transferred to child

False

STD's are transferred by

skin to skin contact

Oral and Genital Herpes can cause latent infection

false

HPV

75-80% of sexually active men and women get this at some point if they aren't vaccinated

HPV can cause genital warts

true

HPV can case cancer

true

Gardasil vaccine with protects against Gonorrea

False- HPV vaccine

Vaccine's can prevent Zika

False

Mosquitoes are the deadliest animals on earth

True

Zika virus has plateaued from 2016 to now

True

Microcephaly

Reduces tissue in brain and head

zika

causes microcephaly

developmental & emotional disorders

Zika is common in northern Africa

True

Zika is common in Canada

False