Studied by 6 people
Initiative process
This Progressive-supported process allowed any citizen to propose a law
Referendum process
This process allowed citizens (instead of legislatures) to vote on proposed laws
Recall process
This process allowed voters to remove an elected official from office before his or her term expired
Direct primary
This process allowed party members to vote for prospective candidates; previously most had been chosen by party conventions
Hull House
Settlement house in Chicago founded by Jane Addams; it became a model for settlement houses around the country
National American Woman Suffrage Association
Created in 1890 by a merger of two womens suffrage organizations and led in its early years by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony was instrumental in demanding womens right to vote
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire (1911)
Fire in New York City that killed 146 female factory workers
The Jungle
Novel written by Upton Sinclair that highlighted numerous problems of the meatpacking industry and inspired the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act
1879
Progress and Poverty by Henry George published
1888
Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy published
1889
Formation of National Consumers League
1890
National American Woman Suffrage Association founded
1901
Theodore Roosevelt becomes president after the assassination of William McKinley
1901
Progressive Robert La Follette elected as governor of Wisconsin
1901
Progressive Tom Johnson elected as mayor of Cleveland, Ohio
1903
Founding of Womens Trade Union League
1904
The Shame of the Cities by Lincoln Steffens published
1905
IWW (Industrial Workers of the World) established
1906
The Jungle by Upton Sinclair published Meat Inspection Act enacted
1908
William Howard Taft elected president
1909
Foundation of the NAACP
1910
Ballinger-Pinchot controversy
1911
Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire
1912
Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party) founded by Theodore Roosevelt Woodrow
1913
Establishment of Federal Reserve System
1914
Clayton Antitrust Act ratified
1915
First showing of D. W. Griffiths film Birth of a Nation
1905
Establishment of U.S. Forest Service
1906
Pure Food and Drug Act enacted
1912
Wilson elected president Establishment of Industrial Relations Committee
1913
Ratification of Sixteenth Amendment, authorizing federal income tax
1913
Ratification of Seventeenth Amendment, authorizing direct election of senators
1914
Outbreak of World War I in Europe
1914
Federal Trade Commission Act ratified
Henry George
He wrote Progress and Poverty (1879)
Edward Bellamy
He wrote Looking Backward (1888)
muckrakers
Many newspapers and magazines investigated political corruption and business monopolies. These exposés were widely read and spread Progressive ideas. Theodore Roosevelt called these investigators "___________.”
Upton Sinclair
He famously criticized the meatpacking industry.
The Shame of the Cities
Written by Lincoln Steffens, this criticized machine politics.
Jacob Riis
How the Other Half Lives (1890) by __________ exposed urban poverty.
Tom Johnson
He was the Cleveland "reform mayor" that received national attention for his efforts to clean up local government and improve city services.
Initiative process
Enabled a citizen to propose a law and get it on the ballot during the next election.
Referendum process
Allowed citizens to vote for the adoption of a proposed law during an election.
Recall process
Made it possible for voters to remove an elected official from office.
Direct primary
Traditionally party nominees had been picked at political conventions dominated by the party leadership. This allowed rank and file party members to pick a nominee through a public vote.
Florence Kelley
She founded the National Consumers League, which advocated for workplace and home protections for women and children.
Hull House
In 1889, located in Chicago, this began serving the poor under Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr.
Anti-Saloon League
As working men spent their paychecks in bars, the _______ claimed that alcoholism caused poverty.
Idaho
The first western state to allow women to vote in local elections during the Gilded Age.
National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
In 1890, two women's suffrage organizations merged to form the _________________.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Susan B. Anthony
Founders of NAWSA
National Woman's Party
The radical British suffragette movement influenced Alice Paul's 1916 founding of the ______.
feminism
In 1914, a group of women in New York City coined the term ________.
Margaret Sanger
A nurse who worked with New York City's poor, promoted birth control.
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Many Progressives believed workplace safety regulations were necessary after the __________, which killed 146 workers in a poorly maintained factory.
Square Deal
used to describe Roosevelt's policy of using the government to protect everyone's interests.
railroad regulation power
The Interstate Commerce Commission had more _______________ after the Hepburn Act.
Sherman Antitrust Act
This was revived by Roosevelt. Though passed in 1890, the law had not been used to break up illegal trusts or monopolistic holding companies.
Northern Securities Company
Roosevelt ordered the Justice Department to sue the _____________, a holding company that controlled most northwest railroads, under the Sherman Antitrust Act.
Sherman Antitrust Act
Roosevelt used the __________ against corporations he believed had exploited consumers.
William Howard Taft
Roosevelt's chosen successor was _____________. He was a judge and Roosevelt's cabinet member.
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Taft didn't have Roosevelt's political and PR skills. He was more respectful of Congress. This led him to support the _____________ of 1909, which angered many Progressives because it kept tariffs on many products too high, hurting consumers.
Richard A. Ballinger
Taft's interior secretary.
Gifford Pinchot
Forest Service chief, was furious; he publicly accused Ballinger for corruption.
Republican "Old Guard"
The _________________ supported Taft by 1910. He opposed some Progressive critics in the 1910 primaries.
Sixteenth Amendment
This was supported by President Taft and a wide range of the public as a way to raise revenue and offset tariff cuts; Income taxes were initially thought to be paid by the wealthy.
Bull Moose Party
The Progressive Party, also known as the ____________, was founded by Roosevelt and his supporters.
New Freedom policy
Wilson's ______________ reflected Democrats' longstanding distrust of a strong federal government.
1912
Given the candidates' records, this year was the Progressive Era's electoral peak.
Underwood Tariff Act of 1913
The new income tax made up for the ______________ 's largest tariff cuts since the Civil War.
Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
The ____________ outlawed price discrimination and other corporate abuses.
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
The 1914 Federal Trade Commission Act established the _______________. It worked closely with businesses to help them avoid illegal activities.
Federal Reserve System
In 1913, Wilson created the __________ to solve currency supply and financial panics.
Federal Reserve notes
The current _________ were issued by a Washington-based Federal Reserve Board.
Federal Reserve Act
By creating a decentralized bank support system and a stable, flexible currency, the ___________ was intended to boost the American economy.
Birth of a Nation
an epic Civil War and Reconstruction film by D. W. Griffith.
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
African American and white reformers founded the ________________ in 1909 to fight racism and promote equal rights.
Progressive Era
American intervention in WWI ended the _______________.
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Flashcard (32)