AP Short Story Terminology

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characterization

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34 Terms

1

characterization

methods a writer uses to communicate information about characters to readers

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2

direct characterization

"She was a beautiful baby"

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3

indirect characterization

Author shows character in action and lets readers make their own interpretations

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4

climax

the moment when the action comes to its highest point of dramatic conflict.

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5

complication

any obstacle that increases the tension of the story

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6

conflict

central source of tension and drama in the story

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7

dialogue

Conversation between two or more characters

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8

diction

author's choice of words and their connotative meanings

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9

dramatic irony

the reader knows something the character doesn't

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10

exposition

Beginning of a story in which the setting, characters, and conflict are introduced.

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11

falling action

Events after the climax, leading to the resolution

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12

foreshadowing

the use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot

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13

hyperbole

exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.

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14

imagery

the use of specific details to describe one thing in terms of another.

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15

irony

a particular tone created when the speaker intends a meaning that is opposite to the words he or she says.

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16

narrator

speaker who tells the story

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17

point of view

the perspective from which a story is told

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18

omniscient

the author presents the thoughts of every character

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19

limited

3rd person perspective in which the narrator only presents the thoughts of one character.

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20

resolution

the conclusion of the story

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21

rising action

part of the story in which the tension rises.

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22

setting

time and place of the story

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23

structure

exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution

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24

style

characteristic ways in which an author uses language

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25

suspense

a state or feeling of excited or anxious uncertainty about what may happen.

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26

symbol

image, object, character, or action that stands for an idea beyond its literal meaning

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27

theme

the story's main ideas that the author intends to communicate. These are often universal truths.

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28

tone

clues in a story that suggest the writer's own attitude toward elements of their writing

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29

understatement

figure of speech in which the speaker says less than what they actually feel.

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30

verbal irony

use of hyperbole or understatement for ironic effect

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31

Values, feelings, goals, problems

Characterization

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32

unreliable narrator

a narrator whose credibility has been seriously compromised

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33

conventional symbols

symbols which are universally recognized

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34

nonconventional symbols

symbols which do not have meaning without the context of the story

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