Acadeca Science Section 1: Electricity

Who dubbed the “mysterious force” and what did they dub it?

William Gilbert, Electric Force

What is the Greek word for Amber?

Elektron

What does fundamental mean?

It can not be made of anything because everything is made of it

What does atom mean in Greek?

Indivisible

Why was being popular in France an advantage to Ben Franklin?

It helped the colonists fight against England

What was Ben Franklin’s discovery?

Electric charge is conserved

What does conserved mean?

not being able to be created or destroyed but can be moved between objects

When did Ben Franklin become interested in Electricity?

After reading about a Leyden Jar

Ben Franklin was best known for his experiments with

Kites and Thunderstorms

What is a particle?

A fundamental piece of matter of which everything else is made

What is the nucleus of an atom made of and what are their charges?

Protons (positive) and Neutrons (Neutral)

Mass is measured in

Kilograms

Most atoms have the same numbers of

Protons and Electrons

Neutrons do not play a role in…, because they do not have any

Electricity, electric charge

Define Newton’s First Law of Motion

An object in motion stays in motion and an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Define Newton’s Second Law of Motion

An object feeling a force will accelerate in the direction of that force

Define Newton’s Third Law of Motion

Every action has an equivalent reaction

Protons have over…times the mass of an electron

1000

Protons and Neutrons are not truly fundamental, they are made out of smaller particles known as

Quarks

Name the six prefixes from the resource guide

Kilo, Mega, Centi, Milli, Micro. Nano

What does the force of electricity do?

attracts and repels charged particles, keeps atoms together

Where do the strong/weak nuclear forces take place

The nucleus of an atom

What does the strong nuclear force do?

Keeps protons and neutrons within the nucleus

What does the weak nuclear force do?

Transforms particles into other particles, primarily involved in radioactive decay

What does gravity do?

Pulls mass towards other mass

What is the Gravitational Constant equivalent to

6.67 × 10^-11 N m²/Kg²

Mass of earth

6 × 10²⁴ kg

How did Charles Coulomb discover Coulomb’s law?

In 1785 using a torsion balance

What is Coulombs constant equivalent to?

8.99 × 10⁹ N m²/C²

What are the 2 types of fields?

Scalar and Vector

An example of a scalar field

The temperature in a room

What is the gravitational field equivalent to?

9.8 N/Kg

The electric field from a positively charged object points…from an object

away

The electric field from a negatively charged object points… an object

towards

If we place a third charge somewhere around here, its trajectory will follow the field lines (a negative charge will go in the opposite direction). This configuration is known as an

Electric Dipole

What is the flux of something?

The amount of it that passes through a given area

When you rub a balloon on your head, the balloon steals electrons from your head and becomes

Electrically charged

What causes the balloon to stick to a neutral wall after being rubbed on hair?

The wall becomes polarized due to the electrons being pushed away from the balloon and the protons being pushed towards it

Some atoms are naturally polarized due to their…

Chemical bonds

Polarized water molecules can attract…

Ions, atoms that have an unequal number of protons and electrons and therefore have a net electric charge.